Mould-Mycotoxin Detox 120’s

Practitioner’s Technical Info

Mould & Mycotoxins

Mould refers to various species of fungi that grow in damp, humid environments, producing microscopic spores that can easily spread through the air. While some moulds are harmless, others release mycotoxins, toxic chemical by-products that pose significant health risks when inhaled, ingested, or absorbed through the skin.

Mycotoxins are invisible, chemically stable compounds produced by moulds like Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, and Stachybotrys. These toxins can contaminate indoor environments (walls, ceilings, air conditioning) and food sources (grains, nuts, dried fruit, coffee, etc.).

Once inside the body, mycotoxins disrupt cellular function, impair detoxification, trigger chronic inflammation, damage the nervous and immune systems, and contribute to fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, respiratory issues, and long-term illness.

Mould and mycotoxin exposure is a distinct health concern separate from Candida or other internal fungal overgrowths, though both involve fungal elements. Mould illness typically stems from environmental exposure combined with the systemic absorption of mycotoxins, requiring targeted detoxification and immune support.

 

Breakdown of the symptoms for Mould Exposure and Mycotoxin Toxicity, as they often overlap but also have distinct characteristics:

Mould Exposure Symptoms

Caused primarily by inhalation or skin contact with airborne mould spores.

• Respiratory Symptoms:
  Chronic coughing, sneezing, nasal congestion, sinus pressure, postnasal drip, sore throat, shortness of breath, wheezing, asthma flare-ups.
• Eye & Skin Irritation:
  Itchy, watery, or red eyes, rashes, dry or irritated skin, eczema flare-ups, hives.
• Allergic Reactions:
  Hay fever-like symptoms, increased sensitivity to allergens, worsening of pre-existing allergies.
• Fatigue & Weakness:
  General tiredness, lack of energy, feeling drained without clear reason.
• Headaches:
  Frequent headaches, sinus headaches, or migraines.
• Worsening of Chronic Conditions:
  Asthma, COPD, or other respiratory illnesses may become more difficult to manage.

 

Mycotoxin Toxicity Symptoms

Caused by internal absorption of toxic mould by-products through air, food, or skin.

• Neurological Symptoms:
  Brain fog, memory problems, poor concentration, difficulty finding words, mood swings, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, light sensitivity.
• Immune Dysfunction:
  Frequent infections, reactivation of latent viruses (e.g., Epstein-Barr), autoimmune flares, increased susceptibility to illness.
• Inflammatory Symptoms:
  Joint pain, muscle aches, body stiffness, headaches that feel deep-seated or inflammatory.
• Gastrointestinal Symptoms:
  Nausea, bloating, diarrhoea, irritable bowel-like symptoms, leaky gut, food intolerances.
• Hormonal Imbalances:
  Irregular menstruation, low libido, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal fatigue, difficulty losing weight.
• Cardiovascular Symptoms:
  Heart palpitations, chest tightness, poor circulation, cold extremities.
• Chemical Sensitivity:
  Heightened reactions to perfumes, cleaning products, petrol fumes, etc.
• Fatigue & Weakness (More Severe):
  Profound, debilitating fatigue unrelieved by rest, often worsening after minor exertion.

 

Summary 

• Mould exposure causes mainly respiratory and allergic symptoms.
• Mycotoxin toxicity triggers more systemic, neurological, immune, and inflammatory symptoms.

 

In reality, most people with chronic mould illness experience both to varying degrees, especially when exposure is prolonged or severe.

How People Get Mould & Mycotoxins:

Mould and mycotoxins enter the body primarily through inhalation of spores, ingestion of contaminated food, or skin contact with mould-infested materials. Common sources include damp or water-damaged buildings, mouldy walls, carpets, basements, air conditioning units, as well as contaminated grains, nuts, coffee, and spices. Poor ventilation and hidden leaks in homes or workplaces significantly increase exposure risk.

Where They Are Stored in the Body:

After absorption, mycotoxins travel through the bloodstream and accumulate in fat-rich tissues such as the brain, liver, nervous system, and adipose tissue. Due to their fat-soluble nature, they readily cross cell membranes and are particularly prone to building up in areas with high lipid content, including the myelin sheaths of nerves.

How They Get There:

Inhaled or ingested mycotoxins and spores enter the respiratory or digestive tracts and pass into circulation. Lipophilic mycotoxins penetrate cell membranes and blood-brain barriers, allowing them to reach vital organs. If detoxification pathways in the liver and kidneys are overwhelmed, the toxins remain in circulation and deposit into fatty tissues.

How Long They Stay:

The body may store mould and mycotoxins for months or years, depending on exposure levels and detoxification efficiency. In individuals with genetic detox weaknesses, poor liver or kidney function, or continued exposure to contaminated environments, these toxins can persist indefinitely, continuously affecting immune function, neurological health, and overall well-being.

 

Table of Mould Types, their Mycotoxins, Common Sources, and Health Effects 

Type of Mould	Associated Mycotoxins	Common Sources	Health Effects
Acremonium	Toxins not well-characterized	Humidifiers, cooling coils, drain pans, drywall	Chronic fatigue, eye irritation, immune suppression, skin infections
Alternaria	Alternariol, Altertoxins	Vegetables, fruits, outdoor air, carpets	Respiratory allergies, asthma worsening, skin irritation, eye inflammation
Aspergillus	Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin A, Gliotoxin	Grains, nuts, coffee, damp buildings, air vents	Liver damage, immune suppression, cancer risk, fatigue, respiratory problems
Chaetomium	Chaetoglobosins	Damp drywall, carpets, wallpaper, water-damaged wood	Respiratory irritation, immune suppression, skin rashes, nail infections
Cladosporium	Unknown specific mycotoxins, allergenic compounds	Air ducts, textiles, windowsills, bathrooms	Asthma, allergic reactions, sinus infections, respiratory irritation
Fusarium	Trichothecenes, Zearalenone, Fumonisins	Grains, cereals, soil, animal feed	Hormonal disruption, immune suppression, gut damage, reproductive problems
Penicillium	Ochratoxin A, Citrinin, Patulin	Water-damaged buildings, cheeses, grains, fruits	Kidney damage, immune dysfunction, allergic reactions, respiratory irritation
Stachybotrys (Black Mould)	Trichothecenes, Satratoxins	Water-damaged walls, ceilings, insulation, wood	Severe respiratory irritation, bleeding, neurological issues, immune suppression
Trichoderma	Trichodermin, Trichothecenes	Soil, building materials, damp cellulose	Immune dysfunction, lung infections, skin inflammation, gut disturbances
Ulocladium	Similar to Alternaria toxins	Wet surfaces, bathrooms, basements, windows	Respiratory irritation, sinus issues, allergy symptoms, skin rashes

 

List of each major Mycotoxin

Aflatoxins:
Produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, especially in warm, humid climates. Commonly contaminate maize, peanuts, tree nuts, spices, dried fruits, and oils. Highly lipophilic, accumulate in the liver, and persist for weeks to months. Potent hepatotoxins and carcinogens, they cause DNA damage, impair liver detoxification enzymes (CYP450), suppress immunity, promote liver cancer, and contribute to childhood stunting.

Alternariol:
Originates from Alternaria species, found in cereals, oilseeds, tomatoes, apples, and processed foods. Lipophilic, accumulates in fatty tissues and can cross the placental barrier. Causes DNA strand breaks, interferes with estrogen receptors, disrupts endocrine function, and increases oxidative stress at the cellular level.

Beauvericin:
From Fusarium species, present in maize, wheat, rice, and other grains. Lipophilic and cell membrane-active, integrating into phospholipid bilayers. Exhibits ionophoric action, disrupting cellular ion gradients, leading to apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and immune dysregulation.

Citrinin:
Produced by Penicillium and Aspergillus species, contaminating cereals, rice, maize, and cheeses. Bioaccumulates in renal tissue, where it interferes with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Causes nephrotoxicity, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage, contributing to kidney dysfunction.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) / Vomitoxin:
A trichothecene from Fusarium graminearum, found in wheat, barley, oats, maize. Hydrophilic, but impairs gut barrier function, facilitating systemic exposure. Potently inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 60S ribosomal subunit, causes nausea, vomiting, intestinal inflammation, immune suppression, and impairs nutrient absorption.

Enniatins:
Produced by Fusarium species, detected in grains and cereals. Lipophilic ionophores integrate into cellular membranes, disturbing ion homeostasis. Cause mitochondrial dysfunction, cytotoxicity, and suppress cellular immunity, particularly affecting gut and epithelial barriers.

Fumonisins:
From Fusarium verticillioides, major contaminants of maize. Structurally resemble sphingolipids, disrupting sphingolipid metabolism and cell membrane integrity. Accumulate in liver and kidneys. Associated with neural tube defects, hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and possible esophageal cancer risk.

Gliotoxin:
A secondary metabolite of Aspergillus fumigatus, prevalent in indoor mould exposure. Highly reactive, crosses cellular membranes and bioaccumulates in immune cells. Potent immunosuppressant, induces T-cell apoptosis, impairs macrophage activity, exacerbates fatigue, and respiratory illness.

Moniliformin:
Produced by Fusarium species, contaminating maize and cereals. Water-soluble, distributed to muscle and heart tissues. Inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase, disrupts energy production, leading to cardiotoxicity, muscle weakness, and metabolic dysfunction.

Mycophenolic Acid:
Produced by Penicillium species, also used pharmaceutically as an immunosuppressant. Found in spoiled grains, cheeses, and indoor air. Inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, suppressing T- and B-cell proliferation, compromising immune surveillance.

Neosolaniol:
A type A trichothecene from Fusarium species, present in cereals. Hydrophilic, affects gastrointestinal tissues. Inhibits protein synthesis, damages intestinal lining, suppresses immune function, and causes neurological symptoms at higher exposure levels.

Ochratoxin A:
Produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species, contaminating cereals, coffee, dried fruit, wine, spices. Lipophilic, bioaccumulates in kidneys, liver, and fatty tissues. Nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, immunosuppressive, disrupts protein synthesis, induces oxidative stress, linked to chronic kidney disease and cancer.

Patulin:
From Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys species, present in mouldy apples, juices, and fruits. Hydrophilic, rapidly absorbed. Causes gastrointestinal irritation, DNA damage via oxidative stress, and impairs gut epithelial integrity.

Satratoxins:
Highly toxic trichothecenes from Stachybotrys chartarum (“black mould”), common in damp buildings. Lipophilic, target respiratory epithelium and immune cells. Inhibit protein synthesis, cause severe respiratory inflammation, immune suppression, neurological effects, and mucosal damage.

T-2 Toxin:
A potent trichothecene from Fusarium species, in grains like wheat and oats. Rapidly absorbed, accumulates in liver, spleen, and bone marrow. Inhibits protein synthesis, disrupts cell membranes, suppresses immunity, damages gut, skin, and nerves. Used historically as a biological weapon.

Trichodermin:
Produced by Trichoderma species, associated with mouldy building materials. Targets respiratory tract, disrupts protein synthesis, causes immune suppression, airway irritation, and worsens mould-related illness.

Trichothecenes (General Group):
Produced by Fusarium, Stachybotrys, Trichoderma. Include DON, T-2, Satratoxins, Neosolaniol. Inhibit protein synthesis, impair gut, immune, and nervous systems, cause inflammation, fatigue, and barrier dysfunction.

Verruculogen:
From Penicillium and Aspergillus species, present in cereals, coffee, and contaminated environments. Lipophilic neurotoxin, alters potassium channels, disrupts nerve conduction, contributes to tremors, dizziness, and neurological impairment. 

Zearalenone:
An estrogenic mycotoxin from Fusarium species in maize and grains. Lipophilic, accumulates in reproductive tissues. Mimics estrogen, disrupts hormone balance, causes infertility, menstrual irregularities, reproductive cancers, and endocrine dysfunction.

How do you know which one you have?

Identifying which specific mould or mycotoxin you have been exposed to is clinically challenging, but possible through a combination of symptom assessment, environmental testing, and laboratory diagnostics. Here’s a clear breakdown:

 

How do you Know Which Mould or Mycotoxin You Have

✔ 1. Environmental Testing (The First Clue):
The type of mould in your home, workplace, or food source often points to the mycotoxins present.

• Air Quality or Dust Testing: Identifies mould species (Aspergillus, Fusarium, Stachybotrys, etc.)
• Surface Swab or Bulk Sampling: Detects mould colonies growing on materials (walls, food, carpets)
• Mycotoxin-Specific Tests for the Environment: Some labs (like RealTime Labs) offer dust tests for mycotoxins directly.

 

✔ 2. Symptom Patterns Suggest Likely Toxins:
While not foolproof, certain symptoms often correlate with specific mycotoxins:

• Aflatoxins: Liver dysfunction, digestive issues, chronic fatigue, possible jaundice
• Ochratoxin A: Kidney problems, urinary issues, chronic fatigue, cognitive fog
• Trichothecenes (T-2, Satratoxins): Respiratory irritation, nosebleeds, skin rashes, neurological symptoms
• Zearalenone: Hormonal imbalance, infertility, menstrual irregularities
• Gliotoxin: Frequent infections, immune suppression, chronic fatigue
• Fumonisins: Neurological issues, digestive problems, possible esophageal irritation

 

✔ 3. Medical Laboratory Testing:
Specialized functional medicine labs offer mycotoxin urine tests, which identify specific toxins your body is excreting.
Well-known mycotoxin panels include:

• Great Plains Lab (GPL MycoTox Panel): Detects Ochratoxin A, Aflatoxins, Gliotoxin, Zearalenone, Trichothecenes, and others
• RealTime Labs: Urine or serum tests for multiple mycotoxins

 

✔ 4. Blood and Organ Function Markers (Indirect Clues):
Elevated liver enzymes, kidney markers, inflammatory cytokines, or immune dysregulation on blood tests can hint at specific toxin burdens.

 

✔ 5. Food Source History:

• If you’ve consumed contaminated grains, nuts, or coffee, Aflatoxins, Ochratoxin, Zearalenone are suspect
• If symptoms started after water damage exposure, Trichothecenes, Gliotoxin, Satratoxins from building mould are more likely

 

Summary:

 The only definitive way to know which mycotoxin you personally have is through a combination of:
✅ Environmental testing of your home or food
✅ Symptom patterns
✅ Confirmatory urine mycotoxin tests

 

 

Why would someone seek medical help after getting mould or mycotoxins? what makes it different from other diseases?

People often seek medical help for mould and mycotoxin exposure because these toxins create complex, multisystem illness that is often misdiagnosed or overlooked, making it more difficult to resolve than many common diseases.

Unlike typical infections that produce clear, short-term symptoms, mould and mycotoxin-related illness tends to present as chronic, vague, and overlapping symptoms that affect multiple systems in the body simultaneously. The following factors make it different from other illnesses and often drive people to seek medical assistance:

• Hidden Source of Exposure: Mould often grows in hidden areas such as behind walls, under carpets, or inside air-conditioning units. People may be sick for months or years without realizing their environment is the cause.
• Persistent, Non-Specific Symptoms: Mould and mycotoxins can cause fatigue, brain fog, memory loss, digestive issues, sinus problems, and muscle or joint pain. These symptoms mimic other diseases like fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue, depression, or autoimmune disorders, delaying proper diagnosis.
• Neurotoxic Effects: Mycotoxins cross the blood-brain barrier, leading to cognitive dysfunction, headaches, dizziness, mood disorders, and neurological symptoms that can be debilitating.
• Immune Suppression and Overreaction: Mould toxins both suppress the immune system and trigger inflammatory overactivation. This can result in recurrent infections, allergies, histamine intolerance, or autoimmune-like responses.
• Toxin Storage in Tissues: Mycotoxins are lipophilic, meaning they accumulate in fat cells, organs, and the nervous system, persisting long after exposure ends and causing chronic illness that doesn’t resolve on its own.
• Limited Awareness in Conventional Medicine: Many general practitioners are not trained to recognize mould illness, leading patients to seek help from specialists such as environmental medicine doctors, functional medicine practitioners, or integrative health professionals.
• Progressive Deterioration: Without addressing both the source of mould and the toxins stored in the body, symptoms often worsen over time, leading to debilitating fatigue, cognitive decline, hormonal imbalances, and heightened chemical sensitivity.

 

These factors make mould and mycotoxin illness more complex, hidden, and persistent than typical infections or inflammatory conditions, prompting people to seek specialized medical help after other treatments fail to resolve their symptoms.

 

How is this associated with Autoimmune Disorders?

Mould and mycotoxin exposure is increasingly recognized as a trigger and contributor to autoimmune diseases, largely due to the way these toxins disrupt the immune system and damage tissue integrity.

Here’s how the association occurs:

1. Chronic Immune Activation:
   Mycotoxins overstimulate the immune system by constantly triggering inflammatory pathways, especially via NF-κB and cytokine release. This persistent immune activation increases the risk of the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy tissues, a hallmark of autoimmune disease.

 

2. Molecular Mimicry:
   Some mycotoxins or mould antigens structurally resemble human tissue proteins. The immune system, attempting to attack the toxin, may cross-react with similar-looking body tissues. This is known as molecular mimicry, a well-documented mechanism in the development of conditions like Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus.

 

3. Gut Barrier Damage (Leaky Gut):
   Mould toxins disrupt the integrity of the intestinal lining by damaging tight junctions, leading to intestinal hyperpermeability, or “leaky gut.” Undigested food particles, toxins, and microbes can then enter the bloodstream, triggering systemic inflammation and autoimmune responses.

 

4. Disruption of Immune Regulation:
   The body’s regulatory mechanisms that normally prevent self-attack become impaired by mycotoxins. Specifically, regulatory T-cells (Tregs), which help control immune tolerance, are reduced in function or number, allowing autoimmunity to develop unchecked.

 

5. Oxidative Stress and Tissue Damage:
   Mycotoxins generate significant oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to cellular damage. Damaged tissues release signals (DAMPs—damage-associated molecular patterns) that the immune system may misinterpret as foreign, further fuelling autoimmune processes.

 

6. Hormonal Dysregulation:
   Mould exposure often disrupts the endocrine system, including thyroid, adrenal, and sex hormones. Hormonal imbalances, especially low cortisol, weaken immune control and promote autoimmune progression.

 

7. Genetic Susceptibility:
   Individuals with certain genetic markers (e.g., HLA-DR types) are more likely to retain mould toxins in the body and experience exaggerated immune responses, making them more prone to autoimmune diseases following mould exposure.

 

Examples of Autoimmune Conditions Associated with Mould/Mycotoxins:

• Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Multiple sclerosis
• Lupus (SLE)
• Type 1 diabetes
• Psoriasis
• Celiac disease

 

In summary, mould and mycotoxin exposure can act as both a trigger and perpetuator of autoimmune disease by disrupting immune regulation, damaging tissues, and increasing inflammation. This connection underscores the importance of addressing mould and toxin burden in individuals struggling with autoimmune conditions.

 

What is the timeline for all these moulds & mycotoxins from developing to critical stage? What happens in-between?

The timeline for mould and mycotoxin exposure progressing from initial contact to a critical health stage varies depending on several factors, including the type and concentration of exposure, genetic susceptibility, and overall health. Below is a typical progression timeline and what happens during each stage:

 

0 – 24 Hours: Initial Exposure

• Inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with mould spores or mycotoxins occurs.
• The immune system may recognize the foreign particles, triggering a mild inflammatory response.
• Most healthy individuals eliminate or neutralize small exposures at this stage.

 

1 – 7 Days: Early Accumulation & Inflammatory Response

• Repeated or ongoing exposure (e.g., living in a mouldy environment) leads to toxin accumulation, especially if detox pathways (liver, kidneys) are sluggish.
• Mycotoxins begin to impair cellular function by:
  • Blocking protein synthesis
  • Generating oxidative stress
  • Damaging cell membranes
• Early symptoms may appear, such as:
  • Fatigue
  • Headaches
  • Mild sinus irritation
  • Difficulty concentrating (often dismissed as stress or allergies)

 

2 – 6 Weeks: Systemic Disruption Phase

• Toxins accumulate in fatty tissues, brain, liver, and immune system cells.
• Mitochondrial dysfunction begins, reducing cellular energy (ATP production).
• Immune dysregulation worsens, with:
  • Increased inflammation
  • Reduced immune surveillance
  • Possible opportunistic infections (Candida, viruses)
• Symptoms escalate:
  • Chronic fatigue
  • Brain fog
  • Digestive problems (leaky gut, food sensitivities)
  • Muscle aches
  • Skin irritation or rashes
• Those genetically prone (e.g., HLA-DR types) may show faster and more severe symptom development.

 

6 Weeks – 6 Months: Chronic Phase & Organ Impact

• Continued exposure or poor detox results in deeper tissue damage:
  • Liver struggles with detoxification
  • Kidneys strained by toxin excretion
  • Gut barrier breakdown (“leaky gut”)
  • Neurotoxic effects increase (brain inflammation)
• Autoimmune processes may initiate, driven by:
  • Molecular mimicry
  • Chronic inflammation
• Symptoms broaden:
  • Severe cognitive dysfunction (memory loss, confusion)
  • Hormonal imbalances
  • Numbness, tingling
  • Joint pain
  • Persistent respiratory issues

 

6 Months – Years: Critical Stage

• Mycotoxins stored in fatty tissues, brain, and immune cells create long-term health deterioration.
• Neurodegenerative processes may develop:
  • Parkinsonian symptoms
  • Early-onset dementia-like signs
• Full-blown autoimmune diseases can manifest:
  • Lupus
  • Hashimoto’s
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
• Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS) may be diagnosed:
  • Severe inflammation
  • Hormone and nervous system dysfunction
  • Immune collapse
• At this stage, even minimal toxin exposure triggers extreme reactions.
• Detoxification becomes more difficult as tissues are saturated with toxins.

 

Summary of What Happens In-Between:

• Toxin accumulation in fatty tissues, brain, and liver
• Mitochondrial damage and energy production failure
• Gut barrier damage leading to systemic inflammation
• Immune dysregulation and susceptibility to infections
• Oxidative stress causing cellular and tissue damage
• Progressive symptom worsening until critical stage

 

Note:

Some individuals progress rapidly within weeks, especially with high toxin exposure or genetic susceptibility. Others may take months or years, especially with intermittent, low-level exposure.

Early intervention (removing exposure, supporting detoxification, repairing tissue damage) significantly slows or reverses progression toward critical stages.

 

Here is a stage-specific table showing how our Mould & Mycotoxin Detox Capsule ingredients support the body at each stage of mould and mycotoxin progression:

Stage 1: Initial Exposure (0 – 24 Hours)

Goal: Bind toxins, support immediate immune response,
reduce inflammation

Function	Supporting Ingredients
Toxin Binding	Activated Charcoal, Fulvic Acid, Psyllium Seed
Immediate Immune Support	Echinacea Herb, Olive Leaf, Garlic, Goldenseal
Anti-inflammatory Support	Turmeric, Licorice Root, Quercetin, Vitamin C, Vitamin E
Gut Protection (Mucosa)	Slippery Elm, Aloe Marlothii, L-Glutamine, Yarrow

 

Stage 2: Early Accumulation & Inflammatory Response (1 – 7 Days)

Goal: Support liver detox, manage inflammation, reduce microbial load

Function	Supporting Ingredients
Liver Detox Support	Milkthistle, Dandelion, Yellow Dock, Taurine, Fulvic Acid
Microbial & Fungal Control	Berberine Hydrochloride, Blackjack, Grapefruit Extract, Wormwood, Origanum (Oregano), Pau D’Arco
Inflammation Modulation	Turmeric, Quercetin, Cancerbush, Cumin Black Seed, Reishi Mushrooms
Biofilm Disruption	N-Acetyl L-Cysteine, Garlic, Cryptolepsis, Goldenseal
Gut Barrier Integrity	Slippery Elm, Aloe Marlothii, L-Glutamine, Licorice Root

 

Stage 3: Systemic Disruption Phase (2 – 6 Weeks)

Goal: Deep immune support, mitochondrial protection, tissue repair

Function	Supporting Ingredients
Mitochondrial & Energy Support	Cordyceps, Lion’s Mane Mushrooms, Vitamin B Complex (B12 from diet), Taurine
Immune Modulation	Reishi Mushrooms, Olive Leaf, Garlic, Blackjack, Cryptolepsis
Brain & Nerve Protection	Lion’s Mane Mushrooms, Quercetin, Turmeric, Zinc Gluconate
Liver & Kidney Detox	Milkthistle, Dandelion, Yellow Dock, Neem Tree Leaves
Continued Toxin Binding	Activated Charcoal, Fulvic Acid, Psyllium Seed, Bilberry

 

Stage 4: Chronic Phase & Organ Impact (6 Weeks – 6 Months)

Goal: Deep detox, autoimmunity modulation, inflammation control,
gut and tissue repair

Function	Supporting Ingredients
Autoimmune Modulation	Turmeric, Quercetin, Reishi Mushrooms, Cancerbush, Licorice Root
Deep Detox Support	Milkthistle, Yellow Dock, Fulvic Acid, N-Acetyl L-Cysteine
Fungal & Microbial Balance	Berberine Hydrochloride, Olive Leaf, Wormwood, Cryptolepsis, Pau D’Arco
Gut Healing & Leaky Gut Repair	L-Glutamine, Slippery Elm, Aloe Marlothii, Plantain
Neurological Protection	Lion’s Mane Mushrooms, Bilberry Berries, Zinc Gluconate

 

Stage 5: Critical Stage (6 Months – Years)

Goal: Restore immune function, neurological protection,
long-term detox, chronic inflammation management

Function	Supporting Ingredients
Neurological & Cognitive Support	Lion’s Mane Mushrooms, Bilberry Berries, Zinc, Quercetin
Immune System Recovery	Blackjack, Reishi Mushrooms, Echinacea, Cancerbush, Cordyceps
Long-term Detox Pathways	Milkthistle, N-Acetyl L-Cysteine, Fulvic Acid, Yellow Dock
Inflammation Control	Turmeric, Quercetin, Reishi Mushrooms, Garlic, Cumin Black Seed
Tissue Repair & Barrier Function	Aloe Marlothii, L-Glutamine, Slippery Elm, Licorice Root

 

 

Summary 

Our formula offers comprehensive support across all stages by addressing:

✔ Immediate toxin binding
✔ Liver and kidney detox support
✔ Fungal and microbial control
✔ Inflammation management
✔ Immune modulation
✔ Gut barrier and tissue repair
✔ Neurological and cognitive protection

 

How to Prevent Mould & Mycotoxin Exposure

✔ Environmental Control

• Keep indoor humidity below 50% using dehumidifiers.
• Repair leaks immediately in roofs, pipes, or walls.
• Ensure good ventilation in bathrooms, kitchens, and basements.
• Use HEPA air filters to reduce airborne spores.
• Regularly clean air conditioning systems and dehumidifiers.
• Remove and replace water-damaged carpets, drywall, or insulation.

 

✔ Dietary Awareness

• Avoid mould-prone foods such as peanuts, corn, wheat, and coffee unless properly tested.
• Store grains, nuts, and seeds in cool, dry environments.
• Prefer fresh, organic produce when possible, to reduce hidden mould exposure.
• Avoid foods known to contain mycotoxins such as certain cheeses, dried fruit, and aged meats if sensitive.

 

✔ Home Testing & Remediation

• Test homes for mould using professional air or surface sampling, especially after water damage.
• Consider mycotoxin testing if chronic symptoms suggest exposure.
• Hire certified mould remediation experts if mould is found.

 

✔ Personal Immune Support

• Strengthen immune defences with a nutrient-dense diet.
• Support liver detox pathways using herbs like Milkthistle or NAC (as in your formulation).
• Maintain gut health with probiotics and gut-repair nutrients like L-Glutamine.

 

✔ Workplace Caution

• Be cautious in occupations prone to mould exposure (agriculture, construction, old buildings).
• Use protective masks and proper ventilation in high-risk environments.

 

✔ Travel Awareness

• Be cautious in damp hotels, old buildings, or humid climates where air quality is uncertain.
• Request room changes if visible mould or musty odours are present.

 

In short: Prevention relies on maintaining dry, well-ventilated environments, proper food storage, home testing, immune support, and reducing high-risk exposures.

 

Table listing Mould species, their associated Mycotoxins, and Foods that Support Recovery and Foods that Worsen the Condition

Mould Species & Mycotoxins	Foods that Support Recovery	Foods that Worsen Condition
Alternaria Alternariol, Alternariol Monomethyl Ether, Tenuazonic Acid	Cruciferous vegetables (broccoli, cabbage), turmeric, garlic	Peanuts, grains stored in damp conditions
Aspergillus flavus Aflatoxin B1, B2	Green tea, turmeric, milk thistle, leafy greens	Peanuts, maize, tree nuts, cooking oils from contaminated crops
Aspergillus parasiticus Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2	Sulforaphane-rich foods (broccoli sprouts), garlic, citrus fruits	Corn, rice, dried fruits, contaminated nuts
Aspergillus fumigatus Gliotoxin, Fumigaclavine C, Verruculogen	Garlic, oregano, fermented vegetables (moderate amounts)	Mouldy grains, stored coffee, compost-exposed foods
Aspergillus niger Ochratoxin A, Fumonisins	Green leafy vegetables, antioxidants (berries, turmeric)	Stored grapes (raisins), wine, coffee, dried fruits
Aspergillus ochraceus Ochratoxin A	Spirulina, chlorella, garlic, fibre-rich vegetables	Cereal grains, dried fruits, coffee, wine
Cladosporium Cladosporin (minor)	Anti-inflammatory foods (turmeric, green vegetables), garlic	Damp-stored grains, nuts, poorly stored fruits
Fusarium graminearum Deoxynivalenol, Zearalenone, Nivalenol, T-2 Toxin	Cruciferous vegetables, milk thistle, omega-3 sources	Wheat, maize, barley, cereals, pasta
Fusarium verticillioides Fumonisins B1, B2, B3	Turmeric, broccoli, high-fibre vegetables, garlic	Maize, processed corn products, tortilla chips
Penicillium verrucosum Ochratoxin A	Spirulina, antioxidant-rich fruits, sulphur-containing vegetables	Grains, cereals, contaminated cheese, wine, dried fruits
Penicillium expansum Patulin	Vitamin C-rich fruits (lemons, berries), leafy greens	Rotten apples, apple juice, fruit stored too long
Penicillium citrinum Citrinin	Garlic, broccoli sprouts, green tea, detox-supportive herbs	Cheese, contaminated grains, rice
Stachybotrys chartarum (Black Mould) Trichothecenes (Satratoxin H, Roridin E), Spirocyclic Lactones	Broccoli sprouts, NAC, turmeric, garlic	Water-damaged foods, contaminated grains, damp-stored produce
Trichoderma Trichodermin, Trichodermol	Antioxidant vegetables, sulphur-rich foods, immune-supportive herbs	Contaminated grains, poorly stored cereal products

 

Activated Charcoal in our 500 mg Mould & Mycotoxin Capsule

“Our capsule uses a very small amount of activated charcoal, so it focuses on binding mycotoxins while leaving 80–100% of most herb actives available; only a small fraction (often ≤10–20%) of the most lipophilic, volatile components may bind.”

Each 500 mg Mould & Mycotoxin Capsule contains only 6.435 mg of Activated Charcoal, a gentle amount that supports detox without depleting nutrients. At this level, charcoal selectively binds and removes harmful mycotoxins and die-off by-products from mould, Candida, and fungi, while leaving the beneficial herbs, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals in the formula fully available for absorption. This ensures safe and effective toxin removal with maximum therapeutic benefit.

 

Each of our 500 mg Mould & Mycotoxin capsules contains only 6.435 mg of Activated Charcoal. This is a very small supportive dose—just over 1% of the total capsule. At this level, the charcoal does not dominate the formula but plays a selective role as a gentle binder. Its purpose is to help catch the tiny toxic molecules that mould, fungi, and Candida can release, such as mycotoxins (aflatoxin, ochratoxin, zearalenone) and aldehydes. These toxins are all nano-sized compounds (measured in billionths of a meter), which fit into the pores of charcoal and are carried out of the body through the stool.

Because the charcoal content is low, it has minimal impact on the nutrients and herbs in the capsule. Most of the vitamins, amino acids, minerals, and polar herbal compounds (such as vitamin C, zinc, selenium, glutamine, NAC, caffeic acids, and polysaccharides) are not bound at all and remain fully available for absorption. Only a very small fraction of fat-soluble or lipophilic compounds—like essential oils, sterols, curcuminoids, or fat-soluble vitamins—may interact with the charcoal. Even then, at 6.435 mg, the charcoal has a limited capacity, so binding of beneficial compounds is minor.

The benefit of including this small amount of charcoal is that it supports detox without depleting nutrients. It acts like a mop in the gut, capturing the toxic by-products of mould and Candida die-off while leaving the rest of the formula to do its therapeutic job. In contrast to a full charcoal capsule (250–500 mg), which would bind nutrients much more aggressively, our low-dose inclusion ensures a balanced effect: binding and removing toxins while allowing the herbs, amino acids, and vitamins in the capsule to be absorbed and support the body’s recovery.

 

Overview

Activated charcoal (AC) is a porous adsorbent with an enormous surface area that captures molecules within its micropores (<2 nm) and mesopores (2–50 nm). Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and trichothecenes are small molecules (typically 300–750 Da; 0.8–1.8 nm) that fit easily into AC’s pore system.

In our capsule, AC is present at 6.435 mg, which is a very small amount compared with common stand-alone binder doses (250–1000 mg). At this level, AC functions as a gentle supportive binder: it helps to capture free mycotoxins and microbial by-products in the gut, while leaving the majority of our herbal actives bioavailable.

 

Why it removes “remnants” of killed mould/mycotoxins

When antifungal and immune-supporting herbs act against mould, candida, and other pathogens, fragments of cell walls and soluble toxins are released into the gut. AC adsorbs (Adsorption is the process where molecules of a substance, called the adsorbate, adhere to the surface of another substance, the adsorbent. This surface phenomenon can occur with gases or liquids and is driven by unsaturated forces on the adsorbent’s surface, which form bonds with the adsorbate) toxic debris and hydrophobic molecules so that they can be excreted, reducing toxic recirculation.

 

Selectivity and molecular size

Binding to AC depends on chemical nature, not just size:

• Hydrophobic and aromatic molecules are adsorbed most strongly.
• Polar and ionic compounds show little to no binding.
• Fulvic acid and mucilage from our formulation partially shield beneficial nutrients from AC.
• Psyllium fiber further escorts both toxins and AC-bound material out of the body.

 

Context in our formulation

• At 6.435 mg, AC’s effect is modest and not comparable to therapeutic binder protocols.
• Mycotoxin capture: directionally helpful but limited in volume.
• Herbal interference: minimal; only certain lipophilic actives (volatile oils, curcuminoids, sterols) are modestly affected.
• Polar vitamins, amino acids, and minerals remain fully bioavailable.

 

Supportive synergy in our capsule

• Fulvic acid competes with AC surfaces, protecting nutrients.
• Psyllium seed and slippery elm fibers reduce direct AC–herb interactions while enhancing toxin clearance.
• Mucilage creates a protective matrix, lowering adsorption of delicate phytochemicals.

 

Mycotoxin size reference

• Aflatoxin B1 (~312 Da; 0.9–1.1 nm): strong AC binding.
• Ochratoxin A (~403 Da; 1.1–1.3 nm): strong AC binding.
• Zearalenone (~318 Da; 1.1–1.3 nm): moderate–high AC binding.
• Deoxynivalenol (~296 Da; 0.9–1.1 nm): moderate binding.
• T-2 toxin (~466 Da; 1.2–1.6 nm): moderate–high binding.
• Fumonisin B1 (~721 Da; 1.5–2.0 nm): variable, binds better in mesoporous AC.

 

Our 500 mg Mould & Mycotoxin Capsule showing, for each ingredient: the key active compounds, their approx. MW/size, affinity to Activated Charcoal (AC), and the likely outcome in our ~6.44 mg AC context (what tends to Remain vs be Excreted/Bound).

• Remain: compounds that are not appreciably bound by AC → absorbed to act in the body.
• Excreted/Bound: compounds that do attach to AC in the gut → carried out in stool (together with toxins).

 

Activated Charcoal Interaction in our 500 mg Capsule (with estimated % retained vs excreted)

Ingredient	Representative Active(s)	Approx MW/size	AC Affinity	What Remains (Retained & Absorbed)	What is Excreted/Bound (with AC)	Estimated % Retained / Excreted
Activated Charcoal	—	—	—	—	Mycotoxins, bile-carried hydrophobics	—
Fulvic Acid	Fulvic acids	500–2000 Da	Moderate	Most organic acids, trace minerals	Small fraction of fulvic	85–95 / 5–15
African Potato (Hypoxis)	β-sitosterol glycosides	400–600 Da	Moderate–High	Polysaccharides, minerals	Small sterol fraction	80–92 / 8–20
Aloe marlothii	Aloin, aloe-emodin	~418 Da	Moderate	Polysaccharides/mucilage	Minor anthraquinones	85–95 / 5–15
Andrographis	Andrographolide	~350 Da	Moderate	Polar glycosides	Some lactone	85–95 / 5–15
Barberry / Berberine	Berberine	336 Da	Moderate	Ionized/polar salt forms	Small free berberine	85–95 / 5–15
Bearberry (Uva-ursi)	Arbutin	272 Da	Low	Arbutin	Negligible	95–100 / 0–5
Bilberry	Anthocyanins	430–950 Da	Low–Moderate	Most anthocyanins	Minimal	90–98 / 2–10
Black Jack (Bidens)	Flavonoids, phenylpropanoids	300–600 Da	Moderate	Glycosides	Some aglycones	85–95 / 5–15
Buchu	Pulegone, menthone (EOs)	152–170 Da	High	Flavonoids, tannins	Some volatile oils	80–90 / 10–20
Burdock Root	Arctiin; inulin	534 Da; polymers	Moderate	Inulin, minerals	Some lignans	85–95 / 5–15
Calendula	Flavonoids, triterpenes, saponins	300–900 Da	Low–Moderate	Saponins/glycosides	Minor aglycones	90–98 / 2–10
Cancerbush (Sutherlandia)	Canavanine; sutherlandiosides	176–700 Da	Low–Moderate	Canavanine, glycosides	Some triterpene glycosides	90–98 / 2–10
Cayenne	Capsaicinoids	305–337 Da	High	Vitamins/polars	Some capsaicinoids	80–90 / 10–20
Chamomile	Apigenin, flavonoids, azulenes	270–430 Da	Moderate–High	Glycosides/coumarins	Apigenin aglycone fraction	80–92 / 8–20
Christmas Bush	Polyphenols, diterpenes	300–500 Da	Moderate	Polar polyphenols	Some diterpenes	85–95 / 5–15
Cinnamon	Cinnamaldehyde (EO)	132 Da	High	Tannins/water-solubles	Volatile cinnamaldehyde	80–90 / 10–20
Cordyceps	Cordycepin; β-glucans	251 Da; polymers	Low	Cordycepin, β-glucans	Negligible	95–100 / 0–5
Coriander	Linalool (EO)	154 Da	High	Polar flavonoids	Some linalool	80–90 / 10–20
Cryptolepis	Cryptolepine	232 Da	High	Glycosidic/ionized forms	Some cryptolepine	80–90 / 10–20
Cumin (Black seed)	Thymoquinone	164 Da	High	Fatty acids/sterols	Some thymoquinone	80–90 / 10–20
Dandelion	Caffeoylquinic acids; STLs	354–516 Da	Low–Moderate	Chlorogenic/caffeic acids	Minor STLs	90–98 / 2–10
Echinacea	Alkylamides; caffeic acids	247–354 Da	High (alkylamides)	Phenolic acids	Some alkylamides	80–90 / 10–20
Garlic	Allicin; organosulfurs	162–250 Da	Moderate	Water-soluble S-compounds	Small allicin fraction	85–95 / 5–15
Goldenseal	Berberine	336 Da	Moderate	Majority as salts	Small free fraction	85–95 / 5–15
Grape Seed Extract	Procyanidins	290–900 Da	Moderate–High	Monomers/small oligomers	Larger oligomers	80–92 / 8–20
Grapefruit Extract	Naringin (glycoside)	~580 Da	Low–Moderate	Naringin/polar flavonoids	Minimal	90–98 / 2–10
Horseradish Root	Allyl isothiocyanate	99 Da	Moderate–High	Glucosinolates	Small volatile fraction	80–92 / 8–20
Lavender Leaf	Linalool, linalyl acetate	154–196 Da	High	Rosmarinic acid/phenolics	Small EO fraction	80–90 / 10–20
Lemon Balm	Rosmarinic acid; EOs	360 Da; volatiles	Low / High	Rosmarinic acid	Some volatile oils	90–98 / 2–10 (phenolics)
Lemongrass	Citral (EO)	152 Da	High	Polyphenols	Some citral	80–90 / 10–20
Licorice Root	Glycyrrhizin; flavonoids	822 Da	Moderate	Glycyrrhizin/polysaccharides	Minor aglycones	85–95 / 5–15
Lion’s Mane	β-glucans; erinacines	polymers; ~500–700 Da	Low–Moderate	β-glucans	Small erinacine fraction	90–98 / 2–10
Milk Thistle	Silymarin complex	~482 Da	Moderate–High	Majority of silymarin	Small fraction	80–92 / 8–20
Moringa	Quercetin; glucosinolates	302 Da; polar	Moderate–High (quercetin)	Glucosinolates	Some quercetin	80–92 / 8–20
Neem	Azadirachtin; limonoids	720–1000 Da	Moderate–High	Polar phenolics	Some limonoids	80–92 / 8–20
Olive Leaf	Oleuropein; hydroxytyrosol	540 Da; 154 Da	Low–Moderate	Oleuropein/hydroxytyrosol	Minimal	90–98 / 2–10
Oregano	Carvacrol, thymol (EOs)	~150 Da	High	Rosmarinic acid	Some volatile oils	80–90 / 10–20
Pau d’Arco	Lapachol	242 Da	High	Glycosides	Some lapachol	80–90 / 10–20
Plantain	Aucubin (glycoside)	346 Da	Low	Aucubin	Negligible	95–100 / 0–5
Psyllium Seed	Soluble fiber	Very high MW	Indirect	Fiber not absorbed; escorts toxins	—	— (escort effect)
Pumpkin Seed	Phytosterols; fatty acids	280–400 Da	High	Protein/minerals	Some sterols	80–90 / 10–20
Reishi	Triterpenes; β-glucans	400–500 Da; polymers	Moderate–High	β-glucans	Some triterpenes	80–92 / 8–20
Shiitake	Lentinan; eritadenine	Polymer; 271 Da	Low	Both retained	Negligible	95–100 / 0–5
Slippery Elm	Mucilage polysaccharides	Very high MW	Indirect	Protective mucilage	Escorts debris; limits binding	— (protective)
Tansy	Thujone (EO)	152 Da	High	Polar flavonoids	Some thujone	80–90 / 10–20
Thyme	Thymol, carvacrol (EOs)	~150 Da	High	Phenolic acids	Some volatile oils	80–90 / 10–20
Turmeric	Curcuminoids	368–400 Da	High	Majority of curcuminoids	Small fraction bound	80–90 / 10–20
Walnut Leaves & Shells	Juglone; tannins	174–1000 Da	Moderate–High	Ellagitannins/phenolic acids	Some juglone/tannins	80–92 / 8–20
Wormwood (African)	Thujone; STLs	152–248 Da	High	Flavonoids	Some volatiles/STLs	80–90 / 10–20
Yarrow	Flavonoids; azulenes	270–500 Da	Moderate–High	Glycosides	Some azulenes/aglycones	80–92 / 8–20
Yellow Dock	Anthraquinone glycosides	~430 Da	Moderate	Glycosidic forms	Some aglycones	85–95 / 5–15
Vitamin A acetate	Retinyl acetate	328 Da	High	Most vitamin A	Small fraction	80–90 / 10–20
Vitamin C	Ascorbic acid (ionic)	176 Da	Low	All retained	None	95–100 / 0–5
Vitamin D3	Cholecalciferol	384 Da	High	Most vitamin D3	Small fraction	80–90 / 10–20
Vitamin E acetate	α-Tocopheryl acetate	472 Da	High	Most vitamin E	Small fraction	80–90 / 10–20
L-Glutamine	Amino acid	146 Da	Low	All retained	None	95–100 / 0–5
N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine	NAC	163 Da	Low	All retained	None	95–100 / 0–5
Quercetin	Flavonol (aglycone)	302 Da	Moderate–High	Majority	Some bound	80–92 / 8–20
Selenium AAC (glycinate)	Chelated selenium	~200–300 Da	Low	Retained	None	95–100 / 0–5
Taurine	Sulfonic amino acid	125 Da	Low	Retained	None	95–100 / 0–5
Zinc Gluconate	Mineral salt/chelate	—	Low	Retained	None	95–100 / 0–5

 

MW = Molecular Weight

• Molecular weight (MW) is the “mass” of a single molecule, expressed in Daltons (Da) or grams per mole (g/mol).
• Small molecules have low MW (e.g., Vitamin C = 176 Da). Large molecules like polysaccharides have high MW (thousands of Da).
• MW gives an idea of whether a molecule is small enough to fit into the pores of activated charcoal.

 

Size

• In addition to MW, molecules have a physical size/shape (measured in nanometers, nm).
• Activated Charcoal has different types of pores:
  • Micropores (<2 nm)
  • Mesopores (2–50 nm)
• Most mycotoxins are small molecules (0.8–1.8 nm) → they easily fit into AC micropores.
• Large molecules (like polysaccharides, proteins, mucilage) are too bulky → they do not fit, so they are not bound.

 

Why it matters for our capsule

• Low MW, lipophilic, aromatic compounds (essential oils, sterols, small toxins) → more likely to bind.
• High MW or polar molecules (fibers, glycosides, vitamins, amino acids) → less likely to bind.
• That’s why in the table we show both MW/size and affinity: it explains scientifically why some compounds are retained while others may be excreted with charcoal.

 

👉 Example:

• Aflatoxin B1: 312 Da (~1.1 nm) → fits in micropores → strongly adsorbed.
• Vitamin C: 176 Da but very polar/ionic → doesn’t stick to charcoal → remains available.
• Polysaccharides (Slippery Elm mucilage, Psyllium fiber): very large (>10,000 Da) → can’t fit → remain in gut, not bound.

 

Adsorption is the process where molecules of a substance, called the adsorbate, adhere to the surface of another substance, the adsorbent. This surface phenomenon can occur with gases or liquids and is driven by unsaturated forces on the adsorbent’s surface, which form bonds with the adsorbate. Key examples include activated carbon purifying water by adsorbing organic molecules and activated alumina removing moisture from air.

 

Key Conclusions

1. At 6.435 mg per capsule, AC provides a supportive binder effect for mycotoxins without materially reducing absorption of most actives.
2. Volatile oils, sterols, curcuminoids, and lipophilic flavonoids are the most affected, but only minor fractions are bound at this level.
3. Polar compounds (vitamin C, NAC, taurine, glutamine, polyphenol glycosides) are unaffected and remain bioavailable.
4. Fulvic acid, psyllium, and slippery elm further reduce any interference and enhance elimination.
5. Clients do not need to separate dosing for this product from most supplements; a 1–2 hour gap is only advised for sensitive prescription medications.

 

Comparison table with our 6.435mg AC, compared to 50% in a capsule. Will the outcome still be the same?

The outcome would not be the same. Jumping from ~6.435 mg AC to ~50% of a 500 mg capsule (~250 mg AC) massively increases binding capacity and competition for actives, so a lot more of the lipophilic/aromatic compounds will end up bound & excreted instead of absorbed.

Below are clear comparisons.

1) Affinity-Tier Comparison (retained vs excreted)

These evidence-informed ranges assume one 500 mg capsule taken with food/fiber/fulvic. They’re educational estimates (not lab measurements).

Affinity tier to AC	Examples (chemistry)	6.435 mg AC Estimated Retained / Excreted	~250 mg AC (50%) Estimated Retained / Excreted
Low	Highly polar/ionic: vitamin C, amino acids (glutamine, NAC, taurine), mineral chelates (zinc gluconate, Se-glycinate)	95–100% / 0–5%	90–100% / 0–10%
Low–Moderate	Polar phenolics & glycosides: anthocyanins (bilberry), naringin (grapefruit), chlorogenic/rosmarinic acids	90–98% / 2–10%	75–95% / 5–25%
Moderate	Mid-polarity aromatics: berberine (partly ionized), lignans, many flavonoids	85–95% / 5–15%	50–85% / 15–50%
Moderate–High	Planar aromatics/terpenoids: silymarin (milk thistle), quercetin, larger OPCs, triterpenes	80–92% / 8–20%	30–70% / 30–70%
High	Volatile oils & very lipophilic: carvacrol/thymol (oregano/thyme), cinnamaldehyde, citral, thujone; sterols; curcuminoids; fat-soluble vitamins A/D/E	80–90% / 10–20%	20–60% / 40–80%

 

Takeaway: at 50% AC, many key lipophilic actives (EOs, sterols, curcuminoids, fat-soluble vitamins) can shift from “mostly retained” to substantially excreted.

 

2) What this means for typical actives in our formula

Ingredient/Active (example)	Affinity	6.435 mg AC (Retained → Excreted)	~250 mg AC (50%) (Retained → Excreted)	Comment for clients
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)	Low	~98–100% → 0–2%	~95–100% → 0–5%	Polar/ionic → barely affected even at high AC.
Amino acids (Glutamine, NAC, Taurine)	Low	95–100% → 0–5%	90–100% → 0–10%	Still largely available.
Minerals (Zinc gluconate, Se-glycinate)	Low	95–100% → 0–5%	90–100% → 0–10%	Ionic/chelated → minimal loss.
Anthocyanins (Bilberry)	Low–Mod	90–98% → 2–10%	75–95% → 5–25%	Some extra loss at 50% AC.
Rosmarinic/Chlorogenic acids (Lemon balm, Dandelion)	Low–Mod	90–98% → 2–10%	75–95% → 5–25%	Still mostly retained.
Berberine (Barberry/Goldenseal)	Moderate	85–95% → 5–15%	50–85% → 15–50%	Much bigger hit at 50% AC (less systemic berberine).
Quercetin (Moringa/Quercetin)	Mod–High	80–92% → 8–20%	30–70% → 30–70%	Large planar aromatic → vulnerable at high AC.
Silymarin (Milk thistle)	Mod–High	80–92% → 8–20%	30–70% → 30–70%	Hepatic support could be blunted at 50% AC.
OPCs (Grape seed)	Mod–High	80–92% → 8–20%	30–70% → 30–70%	Larger oligomers bind more at high AC.
Curcuminoids (Turmeric)	High	80–90% → 10–20%	20–60% → 40–80%	Major loss at 50% AC unless separated.
Essential oils: Oregano/Thyme (carvacrol/thymol), Cinnamon (cinnamaldehyde), Lemongrass (citral), Lavender (linalool)	High	80–90% → 10–20%	20–60% → 40–80%	Volatile, lipophilic → strongly affected by high AC.
Sterols (Pumpkin seed, Hypoxis β-sitosterol)	High	80–90% → 10–20%	20–60% → 40–80%	Sterol uptake heavily reduced at 50% AC.
Fat-soluble vitamins A/D/E	High	80–90% → 10–20%	20–60% → 40–80%	Strongly impacted at 50% AC.
β-Glucans & Mucilage (Lion’s mane, Reishi, Slippery elm, Psyllium)	Indirect/Low	≈100% retained	≈100% retained	Big, hydrophilic polymers; they escort toxins and can even reduce AC–nutrient contact.
Fulvic acids	Moderate	85–95% → 5–15%	60–85% → 15–40%	At high AC, more fulvics will be taken up by charcoal; charcoal sites less “coated” by small dose competition.
Mycotoxins (aflatoxin, OTA, etc.)	High	Capture: modest	Capture: high	Detox improves with higher AC—but so does nutrient binding.

 

Practical guidance

• With 6.435 mg AC (our current formula):
  • Acts as a gentle binder while preserving most herb actives.
  • No strict separation from supplements needed (medications: consider 1–2 h spacing).

 

• With ~250 mg AC (50% capsule):
  • Mycotoxin capture improves, but lipophilic actives and fat-soluble vitamins would be substantially sequestered.
  • Strongly recommend separating that capsule from herbs/nutrients by ≥2 hours, ideally taking the high-AC binder away from meals/supplements/meds.
  • For best outcomes: make the high-AC binder a separate product and keep the multi-herb capsule’s AC low (as it is now).

 

Guide to what a 100% Activated Charcoal (AC) 500 mg capsule can bind from common mould/mycotoxin exposures, including a note on fungus & Candida.

What AC Binds: Major Mould & Mycotoxins

Legend (AC Affinity):
High = consistently strong binding in vitro; Moderate = variable/condition-dependent; Low = generally limited.
(“What remains” = fraction likely to escape binding and be absorbed; “What is adsorbed” = fraction likely to be bound to AC and excreted.)

Notes: Activated charcoal shows very strong binding for many planar, hydrophobic mycotoxins (e.g., aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone) across studies, while binding is more variable for others (e.g., fumonisin B1, some trichothecenes like DON/T-2) and depends on AC pore structure, pH, and matrix. PubMedScienceDirectMDPI

Mycotoxin (family)	Main mold producers	MW (Da)	AC Affinity	What is adsorbed (excreted with AC)	What remains (absorbed)	Key evidence
Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2)	Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus	B1: 312.27	High	Majority at adequate AC dose	Minor fraction	Strong AC performance v. aflatoxins reported across binders; AFB1 MW confirmed. PubMedPubChemNIST WebBook
Ochratoxin A (OTA)	Aspergillus, Penicillium spp.	403.8	High	Very high (often >97% in vitro stomach-like conditions with AC)	Small fraction	Multiple studies/reviews; >97% at 1 ppm with activated coconut charcoal. PMCMDPIPubChem
Zearalenone (ZEA)	Fusarium spp.	318.36	High	High (planar, hydrophobic lactone)	Small–moderate	AC among best adsorbents for ZEA; MW confirmed. ScienceDirectMDPIUS EPA
Deoxynivalenol (DON / vomitoxin)	Fusarium graminearum	296.32	Moderate (variable)	Moderate; increases with optimized porous carbons	Notable fraction	Carbon materials can adsorb DON; performance varies by AC type/pH. PMC+1
T-2 toxin (trichothecene)	Fusarium spp.	466.5	Low–Moderate	Limited–moderate	Moderate–substantial	Systematic data show lower adsorption averages vs AFB1/ZEA. Nature
HT-2 toxin	Fusarium spp.	424.5	Low–Moderate	Limited–moderate	Moderate	Generalized from trichothecene behavior; lower than AFB1/OTA/ZEA. Nature
Nivalenol (NIV)	Fusarium spp.	312.3	Low–Moderate	Limited–moderate	Moderate	Polar trichothecene; variable adsorption. PMC
Fumonisin B1 (FB1)	Fusarium verticillioides	721.8	Moderate (pH-dependent)	Moderate with suitable AC/conditions	Variable	Adsorption to AC demonstrated; improved at mildly acidic pH; MW confirmed. ResearchGateMilliporeSigmaPMC
Sterigmatocystin	Aspergillus spp.	324.3	High	High (structurally akin to aflatoxins)	Small	Structural analog to AFB1; MW confirmed. WikipediaPubChem
Citrinin	Penicillium, Monascus spp.	250.25	Moderate–High	Moderate–high	Small–moderate	MW confirmed; planar aromatic polyketide → adsorbable. PubChemWikipedia
Patulin	Penicillium expansum	154.12	Moderate–High	Moderate–high	Small–moderate	AC used for patulin removal; MW confirmed. PubChemfermentek.com
Alternariol (AOH)	Alternaria spp.	258.23	Moderate–High	Moderate–high	Small–moderate	Polyphenolic, planar; MW confirmed. PubChemWikipedia
Alternariol monomethyl ether (AME)	Alternaria spp.	272.25	Moderate–High	Moderate–high	Small–moderate	Often behaves like AOH; MW confirmed. PubChem
Enniatin B (cyclo-depsipeptide)	Fusarium spp.	639.8	High	High (lipophilic cyclic peptide)	Small	Lipophilic; AC effective vs multiple mycotoxins. MW confirmed. PubChemMDPI
Beauvericin	Beauveria, Fusarium spp.	783.9	High	High (very lipophilic cyclic peptide)	Small	As above; MW confirmed. PubChem
Gliotoxin	Aspergillus fumigatus	326.4	High	High (hydrophobic ETP)	Small	Lipophilic fungal metabolite; MW confirmed. PubChemWikipedia
Mycophenolic acid	Penicillium spp.	320.3	Moderate–High	Moderate–high	Small–moderate	Lipophilic phenolic acid; MW confirmed. PubChem

 

Bottom line: With 500 mg of pure AC, binding is strongest for aflatoxins, OTA, ZEA, sterigmatocystin, enniatins/beauvericin, gliotoxin. It’s more variable for fumonisins and some trichothecenes (e.g., DON, T-2/HT-2), but still meaningful with the right AC and gut conditions (pH, contact time). PubMedScienceDirectMDPINature 

 

What about “mould,” “fungus,” and “Candida” themselves?

• Whole fungal cells/spores (e.g., Aspergillus, Penicillium, Candida) are microscopic particles (µm-scale)—too large to “fit” AC’s micro/mesopores. AC doesn’t kill or trap whole organisms like an antimicrobial or antiparasitic drug would.
• AC can adsorb hydrophobic toxins and cell-wall breakdown by-products those organisms release (e.g., gliotoxin, small aromatic phenolics), which are the main symptom-driving molecules in the gut. (See table above for individual toxins.)

 

Dosing Questions (for 100% AC capsules, 500 mg each)

Our scenario: “Typically they take 2–4 capsules, 3× daily.” → That’s 3–6 g/day total.

 

Is it better to spread to 3× daily

Yes. Spacing doses (e.g., breakfast / mid-afternoon / bedtime) maintains continuous binding coverage as bile continuously delivers recirculating toxins to the gut. Frequent smaller doses reduce ‘gaps’ where toxins could reabsorb (enterohepatic recirculation). This matches how AC is used to interrupt toxin recirculation in clinical toxicology (repeated doses), though exact protocols vary by toxin and setting. PubMed

 

What if you take more at once vs less but more often?

• More at once: Higher instant capacity (good if a single meal/exposure is the issue) but more likely to grab co-ingested nutrients/meds.
• Less, more often: Steadier coverage with less nutrient competition per dose—often preferable for ongoing mycotoxin exposure.

 

Practical tip: Keep at least 2 hours away from medications and key supplements (longer for narrow-therapeutic-index drugs). AC is non-specific and can adsorb some drugs. PubMed

 

Does AC keep you awake at night

No direct stimulant effect. AC is inert and not absorbed; it shouldn’t affect sleep physiology. Some people prefer bedtime AC because it’s far from meds/food; others avoid it if they’re prone to constipation or reflux when lying down. (Hydration helps.)

 

How is everything excreted

Activated Charcoal stays in the gut; bound toxins leave via stool, often darkening it. This is the desired pathway—sequestration + fecal excretion reduces re-entry into the bloodstream. PubMed

 

Does pure Activated Charcoal excrete parasites & worms?

No. AC is not an antiparasitic and doesn’t kill or expel worms. It may adsorb toxins and irritants that parasites produce, which can reduce symptoms, but confirmed deworming requires antiparasitic medications or targeted botanicals under professional guidance. Use AC as a supportive binder, not as a stand-alone parasite treatment.

 

Safety & Practical Notes 

• Separate AC from medications by ≥2 hours (longer if critical meds).
• Expect black stools; watch for constipation—add water + fiber.
• For extended high-dose use (grams/day), check with a clinician—especially if on anticoagulants, thyroid meds, digoxin, anticonvulsants, etc.
• AC choice matters: pore size distribution and surface chemistry drive performance differences for harder toxins like fumonisins/DON. PMC+1

 

Quick reference: Molecular weights (Da)

AFB1 312.27, OTA 403.8, ZEA 318.36, DON 296.32, T-2 466.5, HT-2 424.5, FB1 721.8, Sterigmatocystin 324.3, Citrinin 250.25, Patulin 154.12, Alternariol 258.23, AME 272.25, Enniatin B 639.8, Beauvericin 783.9, Gliotoxin 326.4, Mycophenolic acid 320.3. PubChem+12PubChem+12PubChem+12US EPANatureMilliporeSigma

 

What happens to the die-off cells of parasites, worms, eggs, broken down candida? What are their sizes, and does AC help in any way?

This practical question comes up a lot when clients are doing detox or antifungal/antiparasitic protocols. Let’s break it down clearly.

1. What happens to die-off cells (parasites, worms, Candida)?

When antifungal, antibacterial, or antiparasitic herbs/medicines act, they damage or kill the organism. The results include:

• Whole or partial cells/fragments → pieces of cell wall, membranes, organelles.
• Intracellular contents → proteins, enzymes, metabolites, nucleic acids, endotoxins.
• Toxins and by-products → mycotoxins from fungi, acetaldehyde from Candida, inflammatory molecules, ammonia, etc.

 

The immune system + gut peristalsis then process and move these remnants:

• Large debris is phagocytosed (eaten) by immune cells or broken down enzymatically.
• Smaller fragments and soluble toxins spill into the gut lumen.
• From there, they can either be absorbed (and cause Herx/die-off symptoms) or bound & eliminated if adsorbents/fiber are present.

 

2. Approximate size ranges

 

Organism / debris	Typical size (live cell/egg)	Debris/fragment size after die-off	AC relevance
Parasites (protozoa)	5–50 µm	fragments <1 µm; soluble toxins	Too large intact, but soluble debris can be adsorbed
Helminths (worms)	cm–m long; eggs 50–150 µm	cell wall pieces, proteins, lipids, heme products	AC cannot bind intact worms/eggs (too big) but can bind breakdown toxins & some proteins
Candida yeast cells	4–6 µm (hyphae up to 20–50 µm)	cell wall fragments, mannans, β-glucans, acetaldehyde, aromatic toxins	Whole cells too large; AC binds acetaldehyde, aromatic aldehydes, phenolic by-products
Bacterial die-off (Herx)	0.5–2 µm	endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides (~10–20 kDa)	LPS is large/polar, AC has limited direct effect but can adsorb associated hydrophobic fragments
Mycotoxins (secondary metabolites of fungi)	0.8–2 nm	already small molecules	Ideal targets for AC binding

 

⚖️ Scale reminder: Activated Charcoal pores bind best to small molecules (<2 nm). Whole cells/eggs are thousands of times larger (microns) → far too big to enter AC pores.

 

3. Does Activated Charcoal help?

 

✅ Yes, for toxins & fragments:

• AC does not capture whole parasites, eggs, or intact yeast (too big).
• But it does capture many of the toxic breakdown products released during die-off (acetaldehyde, aromatic aldehydes, phenolic toxins, mycotoxins, bile-bound irritants).
• This reduces Herxheimer/die-off symptoms (fatigue, brain fog, inflammation).

 

❌ No, for whole organisms/eggs:

• These must be cleared by peristalsis, fiber, mucilage, bile, and the immune system.
• AC helps indirectly by reducing the irritant load from what those cells release when broken.

 

4. How die-off is excreted

 

• Large debris (parasite fragments, worm segments, fungal cell walls): moved by gut motility + stool bulk (fiber is critical).
• Smaller toxic molecules: can be adsorbed by AC or excreted with bile (then bound by AC).
• If not bound, toxins may re-absorb via enterohepatic recirculation → this is what AC helps interrupt.

 

5. Summary

 

• Whole parasites/worms/eggs: too big for charcoal → leave via stool if motility/fiber is good.
• Candida cells: too big, but their toxic by-products (acetaldehyde, phenolic aldehydes, mycotoxins) are ideal AC targets.
• Size difference: cells/eggs = micrometers (10⁻⁶ m), toxins = nanometers (10⁻⁹ m). AC pores only take the nano-sized toxins.
• Charcoal role: not a dewormer or antifungal, but a binder that reduces symptoms of die-off by catching what those organisms release.

 

Comparison table that shows the differences between Activated Charcoal (AC) and Fulvic Acid (FA), including:

• How each one works (mechanism)
• What they bind best
• What % is excreted vs absorbed
• Practical effect for detox and nutrients

 

Comparison Table: Activated Charcoal vs Fulvic Acid

Feature	Activated Charcoal (AC)	Fulvic Acid (FA)
What it is	Pure carbon, highly porous, inert substance	Complex mixture of very small organic acids, phenolics, and trace minerals
Absorption into body	0% absorbed (works only in the gut)	Partially absorbed (tiny molecules can cross membranes and enter cells)
Mechanism of action	Works like a sponge: tiny pores physically adsorb small hydrophobic molecules (toxins, mycotoxins, bile-bound chemicals) and carry them out in stool	Works like a shuttle/chelator: chemically binds metals, minerals, and charged toxins; also carries nutrients across membranes and into cells
Best binding targets	Mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxin, zearalenone), aldehydes (Candida die-off), aromatic toxins, pesticides, bile-bound toxins	Heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic), radionuclides, pesticides, agrochemicals, some herbicides; enhances absorption of trace minerals
What happens to toxins	Bound in gut → excreted 100% via stool	Bound in gut (unabsorbed fraction) → excreted in stool; absorbed fraction can carry metals/toxins to kidneys for urinary excretion
Impact on nutrients	Can also bind fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K), sterols, essential oils, some medications (if dose is high or close to timing) → small nutrient loss	Generally protective: fulvic acids can increase absorption of minerals (zinc, selenium, iron, magnesium) and vitamins; risk of nutrient loss is low
% Retained vs Excreted (nutrients)	Retained: ~80–95% (most nutrients escape binding at therapeutic doses) Excreted: ~5–20% of lipophilic compounds if timing is close	Retained: ~90–100% (nutrients often enhanced) Excreted: only bound heavy metals, excess minerals, and toxins
% Retained vs Excreted (toxins)	Retained: 0–20% (some mycotoxins/trichothecenes can slip past if charcoal dose is low) Excreted: ~80–100% of many mycotoxins and hydrophobic toxins	Retained: ~0–20% (some very large toxins not bound) Excreted: ~80–100% of metals, pesticides, and charged toxins
Where it works	Only in gut lumen (not absorbed)	Gut + systemic (tiny fraction absorbed into blood; works inside cells and kidneys too)
Time in body	Passes through gut in ~12–24 hours	Circulates systemically (absorbed fraction) for hours, unabsorbed part passes in stool
End effect	Reduces toxin reabsorption, relieves Herx/die-off symptoms, interrupts enterohepatic recirculation	Mobilizes and chelates metals/toxins, supports cellular energy, improves nutrient absorption

 

Summary

• Activated Charcoal is like a sponge that stays in the gut. It grabs mycotoxins, aldehydes, pesticides, bile toxins and carries them out in stool. But it can also grab a small fraction of vitamins, oils, and medicines if taken too close in time.
• Fulvic Acid is like a shuttle and chelator. It works both in the gut and inside the body, escorting metals and toxins out, while enhancing nutrient absorption. Unlike AC, it usually improves nutrient status rather than reducing it.
• Using them together is synergistic: AC binds hydrophobic mycotoxins in the gut; FA chelates metals and supports nutrient uptake.

 

 

Ingredients which are traditionally used for this disorder

Technical info:

Activated Charcoal: Contains porous carbon structures that physically bind toxins, including mycotoxins, in the gastrointestinal tract. Through adsorption, it traps these molecules, preventing their reabsorption and facilitating elimination via the stool. It does not chemically neutralize toxins but reduces systemic exposure by blocking intestinal uptake.

African Potato (Hypoxis): Provides hypoxoside, which converts to rooperol, a potent antioxidant and immune modulator. Rooperol scavenges free radicals generated by mould toxins and enhances macrophage and natural killer cell activity, supporting immune resilience during chronic mould exposure.

Aloe Marlothii: Rich in anthraquinones like aloin and emodin, along with polysaccharides. Anthraquinones provide mild antimicrobial and antifungal activity, while polysaccharides coat and repair gastrointestinal mucosa, enhancing gut barrier integrity and reducing mycotoxin absorption.

Andrographis Paniculata: Contains andrographolides, diterpenoid lactones with potent anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immune-stimulating properties. Andrographis downregulates NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhances macrophage activation, and assists in reducing microbial and fungal burden exacerbated by mould exposure.

Barberry Bark: High in berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid that disrupts microbial cell membranes, inhibits biofilm formation, and modulates gut microbiota. Berberine enhances liver detoxification enzymes, supporting clearance of both mycotoxins and microbial byproducts.

Bearberry Leaves (Uva Ursi): Contains arbutin, which converts to hydroquinone with antimicrobial action, particularly in the urinary tract. While primarily targeting urinary pathogens, its systemic antimicrobial properties contribute to reducing microbial imbalances during mould illness.

Berberine Hydrochloride 98%: A concentrated alkaloid with broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antifungal, and biofilm-disrupting properties. Berberine modulates inflammatory pathways, supports bile flow, enhances gut microbiome stability, and assists in breaking down fungal biofilms protective of mould colonies.

Bilberry Berries: Rich in anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, which stabilise collagen structures, reduce oxidative damage, and improve microvascular circulation. Bilberry protects tissues from oxidative injury caused by mycotoxins and enhances vascular resilience.

Blackjack (Bidens pilosa): Provides polyacetylenes, flavonoids, and antimicrobial alkaloids that inhibit microbial and fungal growth, disrupt biofilm formation, and modulate inflammatory cytokines. Blackjack assists in immune activation and biofilm clearance associated with mould and fungal infections.

Buchu: Contains volatile oils, quercetin, and diosmin, which exhibit antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and diuretic properties. Buchu supports renal elimination pathways, assisting the body in clearing water-soluble mycotoxins via the kidneys.

Burdock Root: Contains inulin, polyphenols, and lignans that promote lymphatic drainage, liver detoxification, and toxin binding. Burdock supports elimination of circulating mycotoxins and provides mild antimicrobial activity.

Calendula (Marigold): Provides triterpenoid saponins and flavonoids that reduce inflammation, enhance epithelial healing, and offer mild antimicrobial effects. Calendula assists in repairing mucosal linings damaged by fungal overgrowth or toxin irritation.

Cancerbush: Contains canavanine and flavonoids that modulate immune responses, reduce inflammation, and enhance stress resilience. Cancerbush assists in immune recovery and regulation, often disrupted by mould illness.

Cayenne Pepper: Rich in capsaicin, which improves circulation, enhances nutrient delivery to tissues, and mildly stimulates digestive processes. Cayenne supports detoxification indirectly by increasing blood flow to elimination organs.

Chamomile Flowers: Provides apigenin and bisabolol, flavonoids with anti-inflammatory, calming, and mild antimicrobial effects. Chamomile soothes gastrointestinal irritation, reduces inflammation, and supports sleep, aiding recovery from mould exposure.

Christmas Bush: Contains gallotannins, alkaloids, and phenolic acids with potent antimicrobial and biofilm-disrupting properties. It assists in clearing microbial colonies and biofilms that protect mould and fungal pathogens.

Cinnamon: Rich in cinnamaldehyde and eugenol, providing antifungal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory actions. Cinnamon disrupts fungal cell membranes, inhibits mould growth, and improves circulation, supporting systemic detoxification.

Cordyceps sinensis: Contains cordycepin and polysaccharides that enhance macrophage and natural killer cell activity, support mitochondrial function, and reduce inflammation. Cordyceps enhances immune surveillance during mould-related immune suppression.

Coriander: Provides linalool and flavonoids that exhibit mild antimicrobial, antioxidant, and digestive-supportive properties. Coriander assists in gentle toxin elimination and supports gut microbial balance during mould detox.

Cryptolepsis: Contains cryptolepine, an indoloquinoline alkaloid that intercalates DNA, inhibits replication, and disrupts fungal and bacterial biofilms. Cryptolepsis assists in clearing persistent fungal infections and biofilm-protected mould colonies.

Cumin (Black Seed): Provides thymoquinone, a potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial compound. Thymoquinone reduces fungal burden, inhibits biofilm formation, and modulates immune responses exacerbated by mould and mycotoxins.

Dandelion: Rich in taraxasterol, inulin, and bitter compounds that stimulate bile flow, promote diuresis, and enhance liver detoxification. Dandelion assists in the elimination of fat-soluble mycotoxins and supports digestive health.

Echinacea Herb: Contains alkylamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharides that enhance immune function, modulate inflammation, and support microbial clearance. Echinacea assists in regulating immunity compromised by chronic mould exposure.

Fulvic Acid: A complex organic acid with high chelating and biofilm-disrupting capacity. Fulvic Acid mobilises toxins, disrupts microbial biofilms, enhances cellular detox pathways, and improves nutrient absorption during mould detoxification.

Garlic: Provides allicin and sulfur compounds with potent antifungal, antibacterial, and biofilm-disrupting properties. Garlic assists in reducing fungal load, inhibiting microbial biofilms, and supporting immune defense during mould illness.

Goldenseal: Contains berberine and hydrastine, alkaloids with strong antimicrobial, antifungal, and biofilm-inhibiting activity. Goldenseal supports gut barrier integrity and microbial balance, reducing fungal colonisation exacerbated by mould.

Grape Seed Extract 95%: Rich in oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) that stabilise collagen, reduce oxidative damage, and protect vascular tissues from mycotoxin-induced injury. OPCs assist in microcirculatory repair during mould detox.

Grapefruit Extract: Contains naringenin and limonoids that inhibit fungal biofilm formation, disrupt microbial resistance mechanisms, and enhance detoxification. Grapefruit extract assists in controlling persistent fungal overgrowth linked to mould exposure.

Horseradish Root: Provides glucosinolates that convert to isothiocyanates with potent antimicrobial, mucolytic, and biofilm-disrupting properties. Horseradish assists in respiratory tract clearance and supports microbial defense during mould detox.

Lavender Leaf: Rich in linalool and rosmarinic acid, providing calming, anti-inflammatory, and mild antimicrobial effects. Lavender assists in stress regulation, digestive support, and mild immune modulation during mould-related illness.

Lemon Balm: Provides rosmarinic acid and flavonoids with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and calming effects. Reduces anxiety, digestive irritation, and inflammation associated with mould-related illness.

Lemon Grass: Contains citral and limonene with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and digestive-supportive effects. Helps regulate microbial balance and supports gut health during mycotoxin elimination.

L-Glutamine: Primary fuel source for intestinal epithelial cells, enhances mucosal repair, and restores gut barrier integrity compromised by mycotoxins, reducing systemic inflammation and permeability.

Licorice Root: Contains glycyrrhizin, which enhances mucosal defences, modulates immune function, and supports tissue repair. Soothes gastrointestinal irritation and assists in managing inflammation linked to mould toxins.

Lion’s Mane Mushrooms: Rich in erinacines and hericenones that stimulate nerve growth factor (NGF) production, supporting neurological resilience, mucosal healing, and cognitive function often affected by mould-related neurotoxicity.

Milkthistle: Provides silymarin complex, a potent hepatoprotective flavonolignan that enhances liver detoxification, protects hepatocytes, and increases glutathione production, essential for mycotoxin clearance.

Moringa: Rich in vitamins, minerals, glucosinolates, and flavonoids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and nutrient-replenishing properties. Enhances detoxification, replenishes depleted micronutrients, and supports immune function.

N-Acetyl L-Cysteine: Precursor to glutathione, the body’s primary intracellular antioxidant. Disrupts biofilms, enhances mycotoxin clearance, and reduces oxidative stress and tissue damage during mould detox.

Neem Tree Leaves: Contains azadirachtin and limonoids with antifungal, antimicrobial, and immune-modulating effects. Assists in reducing microbial load, supports defence against fungal overgrowth, and disrupts biofilms.

Olive Leaf: Provides oleuropein with broad-spectrum antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. Supports immune resilience, reduces microbial burden, and protects tissues from oxidative damage associated with mould exposure.

Origanum (Oregano): Contains carvacrol and thymol with potent antifungal, antibacterial, and biofilm-disrupting properties. Supports microbial balance, reduces fungal overgrowth, and assists in eliminating biofilms associated with mould illness.

Pau D Arco Lapacho: Contains lapachol and beta-lapachone with antifungal, antibacterial, and immune-supportive actions. Assists in reducing yeast and fungal overgrowth commonly worsened by chronic mould exposure.

Plantain: Rich in aucubin and allantoin that support mucosal repair, reduce inflammation, and provide mild antimicrobial effects. Soothes gastrointestinal linings irritated by mycotoxins and supports gut barrier recovery.

Psyllium Seed: Provides soluble fibre that enhances bowel transit, binds mycotoxins in the gut, and reduces enterohepatic recirculation of absorbed toxins, supporting effective elimination.

Pumpkin Seed: Contains cucurbitin and zinc with antiparasitic, immune-modulating, and tissue-repairing properties. Supports resilience to microbial overgrowth, assists detoxification, and replenishes essential minerals during mould illness.

Quercetin: Exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, mast cell-stabilising, and biofilm-disrupting actions. Reduces histamine release, protects tissues, and enhances resilience to inflammation and oxidative stress from mycotoxins.

Reishi Mushrooms: Provides beta-glucans and triterpenes that modulate immune function, reduce inflammation, and support resilience to microbial infections commonly linked to mould illness.

Selenium: Essential cofactor for glutathione peroxidase and antioxidant enzymes. Enhances cellular detoxification, reduces oxidative stress, and supports immune defence during mould-related toxin clearance.

Shiitake Mushroom: Contains beta-glucans and lentinan that enhance immune surveillance, support mucosal barrier repair, and assist microbial balance during mould illness.

Slippery Elm: Provides mucilage polysaccharides that coat and soothe irritated gastrointestinal and respiratory mucous membranes, promoting tissue repair and reducing mycotoxin-induced irritation.

Tansy: Contains thujone and flavonoids with antimicrobial and mild anti-inflammatory properties. Supports microbial balance and reduces fungal burden associated with mould exposure.

Taurine: Supports bile flow, liver detoxification, and nervous system regulation. Enhances fat-soluble toxin clearance, including mycotoxins, and protects against tissue inflammation.

Thyme: Provides thymol and carvacrol with potent antifungal, antibacterial, and biofilm-disrupting actions. Regulates microbial imbalances and supports immune defence against mould-associated pathogens.

Turmeric: Rich in curcumin with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue-protective properties. Reduces oxidative stress, enhances detoxification pathways, and supports resilience during mycotoxin exposure.

Vitamin A Acetate: Supports epithelial integrity, immune modulation, and tissue repair. Enhances mucosal defences protecting respiratory and digestive tracts from mould toxins.

Vitamin C – Ascorbic Acid: Provides antioxidant protection, supports collagen synthesis, enhances immune function, and reduces oxidative stress and inflammation associated with mycotoxin exposure.

Vitamin D3 – Cholecalciferol: Modulates immune responses, enhances barrier function, and regulates inflammation. Supports tissue repair and resilience to infections exacerbated by mould illness.

Vitamin E – Alpha Tocopherol Acetate: Protects cell membranes from oxidative damage, supports tissue healing, and reduces inflammation from mould-related oxidative stress.

Walnut Leaves (Black): Contains juglone and tannins with antiparasitic, antimicrobial, and astringent effects. Supports gut health, reduces microbial overgrowth, and assists detoxification.

Walnut Shells (Black) Husks: Provides juglone and polyphenols with antiparasitic and antimicrobial properties. Disrupts fungal biofilms, reduces microbial burden, and supports elimination of mould-associated pathogens.

Wormwood, African: Contains sesquiterpene lactones and essential oils with antiparasitic, antimicrobial, and biofilm-disrupting effects. Supports microbial balance and detoxification during mould illness.

Yarrow: Provides flavonoids and sesquiterpene lactones with astringent, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Enhances mucosal barrier function and supports tissue repair compromised by mycotoxins.

Yellow Dock Herb: Contains anthraquinones and minerals that promote liver detoxification, bile flow, and gentle laxative effects. Enhances elimination of toxins and supports digestive health.

Zinc Gluconate: Essential for immune function, antioxidant defences, and tissue repair. Enhances gut barrier integrity, modulates inflammation, and supports resilience to microbial infections associated with mould illness.