Face Serum Gel 250ml

What happens to the skin when we age?

The aging process affects the skin and facial features in various ways. These changes are influenced by both intrinsic (genetic) and extrinsic (environmental) factors. Here are some common changes that occur as individuals age:

Wrinkles and Fine Lines: As people age, the production of collagen and elastin, proteins responsible for skin elasticity and firmness, decreases. This leads to the formation of wrinkles and fine lines, especially in areas with repeated facial expressions.

Loss of Skin Elasticity: The skin tends to lose its elasticity over time, resulting in sagging and drooping. Gravity also plays a role in pulling the skin downward, contributing to a loss of firmness.

Thinning of the Skin: The epidermis (outer layer of the skin) tends to thin with age, making it more susceptible to damage and injury. This can also result in a more translucent appearance.

Loss of Facial Fat: As people age, they may experience a loss of facial fat, particularly in the cheeks, temples, and around the eyes. This can contribute to a hollow or sunken appearance.

Changes in Bone Structure: The bones of the face can undergo changes with age, leading to alterations in facial contours. The bones may lose density, contributing to changes in the shape of the jawline and cheekbones.

Decreased Sebum Production: The skin’s oil glands produce less sebum with age, leading to drier skin. This dryness can make wrinkles more noticeable and contribute to a dull complexion.

Uneven Pigmentation: Age spots, liver spots, and other forms of hyperpigmentation can develop due to sun exposure over the years. Additionally, uneven distribution of melanin can contribute to a less uniform skin tone.

Reduction in Blood Flow: The blood vessels in the skin may become more fragile and less efficient with age, resulting in a decrease in blood flow. This can contribute to a paler complexion.

Decreased Collagen Production: Collagen, a key structural protein, decreases in production with age. This can affect the skin’s ability to repair and regenerate, leading to a slower healing process.

Presence of Wrinkle-Forming Habits: Repeated facial movements, such as squinting or frowning, can contribute to the development of dynamic wrinkles. Smoking and exposure to environmental pollutants can also accelerate the aging process.

It’s important to note that the rate and extent of these changes can vary among individuals based on genetic factors, lifestyle choices, and overall health. While aging is a natural process, certain habits, such as sun protection, a healthy diet, and skincare, can help minimize some of the visible effects. Additionally, cosmetic procedures and skincare treatments are available to address specific concerns associated with aging.

Lifestyle and habits that damage the skin

Various factors, including sun exposure, smoking, drinking, and other lifestyle choices, can have significant effects on the skin. Here’s how each of these factors can impact the skin:

Sun Exposure:

• UV Radiation: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is a primary factor in premature aging of the skin. It can lead to the breakdown of collagen and elastin fibers, causing wrinkles, fine lines, and sagging.
• Hyperpigmentation: Sun exposure can contribute to the development of dark spots, freckles, and uneven skin tone due to an increase in melanin production.

Smoking:

• Collagen Breakdown: Smoking accelerates the breakdown of collagen and elastin in the skin, leading to premature aging. This can result in wrinkles, fine lines, and a loss of skin elasticity.
• Poor Blood Circulation: Smoking reduces blood flow to the skin, depriving it of oxygen and essential nutrients. This can contribute to a dull complexion and delay the skin’s natural healing processes.

Drinking:

• Dehydration: Excessive alcohol consumption can lead to dehydration, causing the skin to appear dry and dull.
• Inflammation: Alcohol can contribute to inflammation, which may exacerbate skin conditions such as rosacea and acne.

Poor Diet:

• Nutrient Deficiency: A diet lacking essential nutrients can affect the health and appearance of the skin. Nutrients such as vitamins A, C, and E, as well as omega-3 fatty acids, play crucial roles in maintaining skin health.
• Inflammation: Certain foods, particularly those high in processed sugars and unhealthy fats, can contribute to inflammation, potentially worsening skin conditions.

Lack of Sleep:

• Puffy Eyes and Dark Circles: Inadequate sleep can lead to fluid retention, resulting in puffy eyes. Dark circles may also become more noticeable due to poor circulation and increased pigmentation.

Stress:

• Increased Cortisol Levels: Chronic stress can lead to increased cortisol levels, which may contribute to collagen breakdown and skin aging. Stress can also exacerbate conditions like eczema and psoriasis.

Pollution:

• Free Radicals: Environmental pollutants generate free radicals, which can damage skin cells and accelerate aging. This oxidative stress can lead to wrinkles, fine lines, and a loss of skin elasticity.

Lack of Skincare:

• Inadequate Protection: Failing to protect the skin with sunscreen and other protective measures can increase the risk of sun damage and premature aging.
• Inefficient Moisturization: Not using moisturizers and skincare products can result in dry, dehydrated skin, making fine lines and wrinkles more noticeable.

It’s important to note that these factors often interact, and their cumulative effects can significantly impact the skin’s health and appearance. Adopting a healthy lifestyle, including sun protection, a balanced diet, regular hydration, and skincare practices, can help mitigate some of these effects and support overall skin health.

The benefits of combining Hyaluronic Acid, Hydrolysed Collagen & DMSO

The combination of hyaluronic acid, hydrolyzed collagen, and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) in skincare is often used for its potential benefits:

Hyaluronic Acid:

• Hydration: Hyaluronic acid is a natural substance that attracts and retains moisture. In skincare, it helps to hydrate the skin, maintain its suppleness, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
• Plumping Effect: By binding water molecules, hyaluronic acid can give the skin a plump and youthful appearance.

Hydrolyzed Collagen:

• Collagen Support: Hydrolyzed collagen is a form of collagen that has been broken down into smaller, more easily absorbed fragments. Collagen is a protein that provides structural support to the skin, helping to maintain its firmness and elasticity.
• Anti-Aging: Collagen is essential for preventing the formation of wrinkles and fine lines, contributing to a smoother and more youthful complexion.

DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide):

• Enhanced Penetration: DMSO is a solvent that can enhance the absorption of substances through the skin. When included in skincare formulations, it may help other ingredients penetrate the skin more effectively.
• Anti-Inflammatory Properties: DMSO has anti-inflammatory properties, which can potentially soothe irritated skin and reduce redness.

Benefits of the Combination:

• Intense Hydration: Hyaluronic acid and collagen work together to hydrate the skin deeply, promoting a plump and smooth appearance.
• Collagen Support: The combination may help support the skin’s collagen structure, contributing to anti-aging benefits and improved skin elasticity.
• Enhanced Absorption: DMSO can enhance the absorption of hyaluronic acid and collagen, potentially maximizing their effectiveness.

What is Collagen?

Collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body and is a key component of connective tissues. It plays a crucial role in providing structural support, strength, and elasticity to various tissues, including skin, tendons, ligaments, bones, and cartilage.

Here are key points about collagen:

• Structural Protein: Collagen is a fibrous protein that forms a scaffold-like structure, providing a framework for the body’s tissues and organs.
• Composition: It is made up of amino acids, particularly glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline. The specific arrangement of these amino acids gives collagen its unique triple-helix structure.
• Types of Collagen: There are multiple types of collagen, with Type I being the most abundant. Other types include Type II, Type III, and so on. Each type has a specific function and is found in different tissues.
• Skin Health: In the skin, collagen is crucial for maintaining its firmness, elasticity, and hydration. It helps prevent sagging and the formation of wrinkles.
• Natural Decline with Age: Collagen production naturally decreases as part of the aging process, leading to changes in skin elasticity and the development of wrinkles.
• Collagen Sources: While the body produces its own collagen, it can also be sourced from certain foods, such as bone broth, and as an ingredient in supplements and skincare products.
• Collagen in Skincare: Many skincare products and treatments contain collagen or collagen-boosting ingredients to promote skin health, reduce the signs of aging, and improve overall skin texture.
• Collagen Supplements: Some people take collagen supplements in various forms (powders, capsules, or drinks) to support skin, joint, and overall connective tissue health. However, the efficacy of these supplements is a subject of ongoing research.

It’s important to note that maintaining a healthy lifestyle, protecting the skin from sun damage, and consuming a balanced diet with adequate nutrients are essential for supporting natural collagen production and overall skin health. Additionally, consult with healthcare professionals or dermatologists for personalized advice on skincare and dietary choices.

Ingredients which are traditionally used for this disorder
Technical info

African Potato: This herb demonstrates efficacy in addressing pigmentation through the modulation of melanin production. Its active components include steroidal saponins and phytosterols, influencing skin tone regulation at the cellular level.

Apple Cider: Aids in pigmentation concerns by promoting skin balance. The acetic acid in apple cider serves as an exfoliant, enhancing cell turnover and promoting an even skin tone. Additionally, the acidic nature regulates pH, optimizing enzymatic activity for skin health.

Bearberry: A skin lightener with antioxidant properties, bearberry contains arbutin, a glycoside that inhibits melanin synthesis. It minimizes oxidative stress without compromising the skin’s integrity under sunlight exposure, making it a valuable addition to hyperpigmentation treatments.

Bilberry: Rich in anthocyanosides, bilberry improves micro-capillary circulation, acting as an astringent for skin tightening. Its antioxidant content, including quercetin and resveratrol, supports collagen production and effectively addresses hyperpigmentation.

Calendula: Accelerates wound healing through flavonoids and triterpenoids, modulating inflammatory responses and promoting tissue repair. Its anti-inflammatory properties make it particularly effective for soothing irritated skin and facilitating regeneration.

Colloidal Silver: Exhibits antibacterial properties for blemish and imperfection treatment. Colloidal silver’s anti-inflammatory effects contribute to skin infection and ulcer treatment without disrupting the natural skin flora, making it a versatile component in skincare formulations.

Comfrey: Known for facilitating new skin formation, comfrey promotes skin regeneration through allantoin and rosmarinic acid, supporting the healing process.

Cordyceps: Rich in potent antioxidants, cordyceps hydrates dry skin and enhances collagen/elastin production. Its applications extend to inflammatory conditions such as eczema, addressing premature aging and potentially offering anti-cancer properties.

Evening Primrose: Effectively combats hyperpigmentation through gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties. GLA supports the skin’s barrier function, making it beneficial for various skin conditions.

Glycerine: Improves skin hydration through its hygroscopic nature, attracting water molecules. Combined with Hyaluronic Acid, it enhances moisture retention and supports skin nourishment.

Grape Seed Extract: Promotes wound healing with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, making it suitable for acne outbreaks. Enhances skin elasticity and moisture while addressing hyperpigmentation through its antioxidant content.

Green Tea: Abundant in antioxidants such as polyphenols, green tea protects the skin from oxidative stress. It contains vitamins B and E, with vitamin B playing a pivotal role in collagen production for skin health.

Hyaluronic Acid: Aids in skin moisture by its unique capacity to retain water, contributing to hydration and plumpness.

Hydrolysed Collagen: Reduces wrinkles, improves skin elasticity, and hydration by supporting the body’s natural collagen production.

L-Arginine: Restores visible skin damage through wound healing processes. Addresses saggy skin and aids in the regeneration of skin tissues.

Aloe Vera: Nourishes the skin with polysaccharides, promoting wound healing, fibroblast activity, and collagen synthesis. Polysaccharides aid in the regeneration of the epidermis and dermis layers, enhancing skin integrity.

L-Glutamine: A skin lightener that increases collagen production and prevents tissue breakdown. Works synergistically with Proline to restore collagen synthesis after UV exposure.

L-Glycine: Enhances elasticity and diminishes fine lines and wrinkles. Prevents tissue breakdown, improves moisture retention, collagen production, and skin regeneration.

L-Lysine: Plays a crucial role in building collagen in the skin over time.

Liquorice Root: Reduces inflammation, acts as an adaptogen, and serves as a potent skin lightener through compounds like glabridin.

Lemon Balm: Effective against hyperpigmentation, exhibiting antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Addresses sunburn and inflammation caused by UV radiation, suitable for various skin conditions.

L-Leucine: Diminishes wrinkles and fine lines, regenerates aging skin, and reduces sagging skin when used with glycine and proline.

Omega 3: Extremely hydrating, improves skin barrier function, softens rough, dry skin, and increases skin elasticity through its essential fatty acids.

Peppermint: Effectively addresses hyperpigmentation, cleanses the skin naturally, and possesses antiseptic and antibacterial properties. Soothes irritation and inflammation due to acne.

Proline: Produces cartilage and collagen, aids in wound healing, reduces fine lines, and restores collagen synthesis after UV exposure.

Reishi Mushrooms: Rich in potent antioxidants, reishi mushrooms prevent premature aging and free radical formation. They offer sun protection, fight inflammatory skin conditions, soothe inflammation, and boost the immune system.

Shiitake Mushrooms: Rich in essential amino acids and kojic acid, shiitake mushrooms lighten the skin, addressing age spots, scars, acne, aging, rosacea, and psoriasis.

Tyrosine: Facilitates the penetration of other ingredients, especially proteins, into the skin, enhancing overall efficacy.

Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide): An antioxidant that promotes hydration, skin elasticity, brightening, and prevents signs of aging. Reduces acne and supports skin moisturizing.

Vitamin E: Addresses dark spots, reduces sun damage, conditions the skin, keeps it moisturized, and stabilizes Vitamin C.

Vitamin B12: Addresses dark spots, and deficiency can contribute to vitiligo, hyperpigmentation, and hair changes.

Vitamin B5: Contributes to healthy, firm-looking skin by improving skin barrier functions, preventing moisture loss, and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

Veronica Speedwell: Effective against hyperpigmentation, demonstrating skin-brightening properties.

Yarrow: Effectively addresses hyperpigmentation, contributing to an even skin tone.

Carrier Oils:

Aloe: Aloe vera, rich in polysaccharides, exhibits exceptional skin-nourishing effects. Polysaccharides contribute to wound healing, promoting fibroblast activity, and collagen synthesis. This aids in the regeneration of the epidermis and dermis layers, enhancing skin integrity.

Argan: Argan oil, abundant in linoleic acid and oleic acid, acts as a skin barrier enhancer. These fatty acids play a crucial role in maintaining epidermal hydration and fortifying the lipid barrier. Tocopherols present in argan oil provide antioxidant defense against oxidative stress.

Baobab: Baobab oil, with omega-3 fatty acids and vitamins A, D, and E, supports skin health. Omega-3 fatty acids contribute to skin hydration, while vitamins A and E offer antioxidant protection. This aids in preserving skin elasticity and combating free radical damage.

Calendula: Calendula oil, rich in flavonoids, possesses potent anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. It accelerates wound healing by modulating inflammatory responses and promoting tissue repair. The flavonoids contribute to its soothing effects on irritated skin.

Black Castor: Black castor oil, high in fatty acids and ricinoleic acid, acts as an emollient and anti-inflammatory agent. It softens the skin and alleviates inflammation, making it beneficial for various skin conditions and supporting overall skin health.

Evening Primrose: Evening primrose oil contains gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), an essential fatty acid with anti-inflammatory properties. GLA helps address hyperpigmentation and supports the skin’s barrier function, making it beneficial for various skin conditions.

Flax: Flaxseed oil is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids, promoting skin hydration and improving barrier function. It contributes to skin softness and elasticity, providing support against environmental stressors.

Hemp: Hemp seed oil is abundant in omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, maintaining skin hydration and supporting the skin barrier. It also contains antioxidants like vitamin E, offering protection against free radicals and contributing to overall skin health.

Jojoba: Jojoba oil closely resembles the skin’s natural sebum, making it an effective moisturizer. It helps regulate sebum production, making it suitable for both dry and oily skin. Jojoba oil also has anti-inflammatory properties, aiding in skin calmness.

Rosehip: Rosehip oil is rich in vitamin A and vitamin C, promoting collagen production and skin regeneration. It helps reduce the appearance of dark spots and fine lines, contributing to overall skin rejuvenation and radiance.

Sweet Almond: Sweet almond oil is rich in fatty acids, providing hydration and nourishment to the skin. It also contains vitamin E, an antioxidant that supports skin health and protects against environmental damage.

Grapeseed: Grapeseed oil is lightweight and easily absorbed, making it an ideal carrier oil. It contains polyphenols and antioxidants that contribute to skin protection and moisture balance. Grapeseed oil promotes wound healing and enhances skin elasticity.

Essential Oils:

Borage Seed Oil: Rich in gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), Borage Seed Oil supports skin health with anti-inflammatory properties, making it beneficial for various skin conditions.

Chamomile Oil: Chamomile oil, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, soothes sensitive skin and helps alleviate irritation and redness.

Clary-Sage Oil: Clary-sage oil, with antimicrobial properties, regulates oil production, making it beneficial for balancing the skin.

Clove Oil: Clove oil, with antimicrobial and antifungal properties, is useful for acne-prone skin and contributes to overall skin health due to its antioxidant content.

Carrot Seed Oil: Carrot seed oil, rich in antioxidants, particularly carotenoids, rejuvenates and stimulates tissue regeneration, making it beneficial for anti-aging skincare.

Frankincense Oil: Frankincense oil, with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, promotes skin regeneration, reduces the appearance of scars, and has anti-aging effects.

Galbanum Oil: Galbanum oil, with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, soothes irritated skin and promotes overall skin health.

Geranium Oil: Geranium oil’s balancing effect regulates oil production and is suitable for both dry and oily skin types. It also has antimicrobial properties.

Grapefruit Oil: Rich in antioxidants and vitamin C, grapefruit oil contributes to skin brightening and may help with oily or acne-prone skin.

Helichrysum Oil: A powerful antioxidant with anti-inflammatory properties, helichrysum oil is used for its skin-renewing and rejuvenating effects.

Lavender Oil: Known for its calming and soothing properties, lavender oil has antimicrobial effects and may help with various skin conditions, including acne.

Lemon Oil: High in vitamin C, lemon oil has brightening effects on the skin and astringent properties suitable for oily or acne-prone skin.

Lemongrass Oil: Lemongrass oil’s antimicrobial and astringent properties tone the skin and may help with oily skin.

Lime Oil: Refreshing and astringent, lime oil contributes to skin brightening and is suitable for oily or acne-prone skin.

Marjoram Oil: With antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, marjoram oil soothes irritated skin and contributes to overall skin health.

Neroli Oil: Known for its calming and rejuvenating effects, neroli oil helps with skin elasticity and is suitable for mature skin.

Orange Oil: Rich in vitamin C, orange oil has brightening effects and astringent properties, making it suitable for oily or acne-prone skin.

Palma-Rosa Oil: With hydrating and regenerative properties, palma-rosa oil contributes to skin moisture and is suitable for dry or mature skin.

Peppermint Oil: With a cooling effect, peppermint oil possesses antimicrobial and astringent properties, beneficial for oily or acne-prone skin.

Pomegranate Oil: Rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties, pomegranate oil contributes to skin regeneration and is suitable for various skin types.

Rosemary Oil: With antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, rosemary oil may stimulate circulation, promoting overall skin health.

Rose Oil: Known for its anti-aging effects, rose oil has antioxidant properties and contributes to skin hydration and regeneration.

Ylang-Ylang Oil: Ylang-ylang oil’s balancing properties regulate oil production and are suitable for both dry and oily skin types.

Vitamins, Minerals & Amino Acids

Co-Enzyme Q10: Co-Enzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) is an essential antioxidant that supports cellular energy production and combats oxidative stress, which can accelerate skin aging by weakening the epidermal barrier and promoting collagen degradation. By enhancing mitochondrial function, Co-Enzyme Q10 promotes ATP synthesis, vital for cellular regeneration and repair. It mitigates oxidative damage, thereby reducing lipid peroxidation and supporting the dermal matrix. Carrier oils such as jojoba or grapeseed ensure its deeper penetration due to their structural similarity to natural sebum, while DMSO further enhances absorption, enabling Co-Enzyme Q10 to reach the basal layers of the epidermis and dermis, promoting cell longevity and skin rejuvenation.

Copper (Bisglycinate): Copper is crucial for maintaining skin structure by acting as a cofactor for lysyl oxidase, which stabilizes and cross-links collagen and elastin fibers, ensuring dermal firmness and elasticity. It also supports fibroblast proliferation, which is essential for wound healing and maintaining skin integrity. Copper’s antioxidant role protects the skin from reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can cause premature aging. Carrier oils facilitate sustained copper release into the stratum corneum, enhancing hydration. When combined with DMSO, copper’s bioavailability is significantly boosted, allowing penetration into deeper skin layers to support tissue repair, strengthen the extracellular matrix (ECM), and improve skin barrier function.

L-Alanine: L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid involved in protein synthesis, helping to maintain the osmotic balance of the skin and supporting its hydration mechanisms. This amino acid contributes to the production of key structural proteins, ensuring skin barrier integrity. When applied with carrier oils like baobab or jojoba, L-Alanine’s absorption is enhanced, promoting hydration and cell cohesion. DMSO optimizes its transdermal delivery, ensuring it reaches the deeper layers of the skin where it supports epidermal repair and fortifies the skin’s natural defenses against transepidermal water loss (TEWL).

L-Arginine: L-Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid that stimulates collagen synthesis and supports the skin’s repair mechanisms by boosting the production of nitric oxide (NO), which enhances microcirculation and oxygen delivery to skin tissues. Improved blood flow aids in nutrient exchange and accelerates healing. Carrier oils improve L-Arginine’s absorption, providing a lipid barrier that helps retain moisture. DMSO increases its penetration through the epidermis into the dermis, enabling more effective stimulation of fibroblast activity and facilitating wound healing and elasticity improvement.

L-Carnitine: L-Carnitine is pivotal for the transport of fatty acids into mitochondria, essential for beta-oxidation and energy production in skin cells. By supporting cellular metabolism, L-Carnitine helps maintain skin tone and combats signs of fatigue such as dullness and sagging. Its antioxidant properties prevent oxidative damage from free radicals, enhancing the overall health of skin cells. Carrier oils aid in steady absorption, supporting long-lasting hydration. DMSO boosts L-Carnitine’s transdermal penetration, ensuring that it reaches deeper skin layers to energize and rejuvenate the skin from within, improving resilience and firmness.

L-Glutamine: L-Glutamine is essential for rapid cell division and tissue repair, acting as a critical nitrogen donor that supports protein and collagen synthesis. This amino acid is especially effective in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier under stress, such as exposure to UV radiation. Carrier oils help distribute L-Glutamine effectively across the skin, enhancing moisture retention. DMSO significantly amplifies its absorption, delivering it to deeper layers where it promotes fibroblast proliferation and bolsters the ECM, thereby supporting skin elasticity and reducing the risk of premature aging and fine lines.

L-Glycine: L-Glycine is a major amino acid found in collagen, which is crucial for maintaining skin elasticity and structural integrity. It aids in the repair of damaged tissues and soothes inflammation, contributing to an even skin tone and smoother texture. Carrier oils like argan or grapeseed provide a delivery matrix that complements glycine’s absorption. DMSO further enhances its transport, allowing it to penetrate the deeper dermal layers and facilitate increased collagen synthesis, essential for reducing wrinkles and promoting skin resilience.

L-Leucine: L-Leucine, a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), is integral to protein synthesis and supports cell growth through the activation of mTOR signaling, a pathway critical for tissue regeneration and repair. It helps diminish the appearance of fine lines and maintains skin firmness. Carrier oils promote the gradual absorption of L-Leucine, enhancing hydration and surface protection. DMSO ensures deeper penetration into the dermal layer, improving its impact on cellular repair and reinforcing skin structure for long-lasting anti-aging effects.

L-Lysine: L-Lysine is vital for the synthesis of collagen, strengthening the skin’s extracellular matrix and aiding in the retention of moisture. It binds with carboxylic acid groups in collagen fibrils, enhancing structural stability. Carrier oils aid in steady and effective absorption while maintaining the skin barrier. DMSO boosts L-Lysine’s transport into deeper skin layers, supporting comprehensive dermal and epidermal repair, improving hydration, and promoting a resilient skin structure that can better withstand environmental stressors.

L-Proline: L-Proline is an amino acid integral to collagen production, stabilizing the collagen helix and promoting skin regeneration. It accelerates wound healing, reduces the appearance of fine lines, and supports overall elasticity. Carrier oils aid in L-Proline’s absorption, ensuring it reaches target areas effectively. DMSO facilitates deeper dermal penetration, optimizing its impact on tissue repair and reinforcing skin’s resilience to environmental damage, thereby enhancing its role in anti-aging skincare.

L-Tyrosine: L-Tyrosine plays a role in the synthesis of melanin, contributing to an even skin tone and providing natural photoprotection. It enhances the efficacy of other active ingredients by facilitating their penetration and interaction with skin cells. Carrier oils provide a consistent medium for L-Tyrosine’s gradual absorption, maintaining hydration. DMSO accelerates its transport to deeper skin layers, promoting cellular regeneration and supporting the uniform distribution of pigmentation for a balanced complexion.

Magnesium Bisglycinate: Magnesium supports skin hydration, reduces inflammation, and is essential for enzymatic functions related to cell repair and energy metabolism. As a cofactor in DNA synthesis and repair, magnesium ensures skin cells function optimally. The bisglycinate form enhances its bioavailability and absorption when applied topically. Carrier oils maintain barrier function and hydration, while DMSO maximizes transdermal absorption, delivering magnesium into deeper skin tissues where it can exert anti-inflammatory and reparative effects.

N-Acetyl L-Cysteine (NAC): NAC is a powerful antioxidant that serves as a precursor to glutathione, protecting skin cells from oxidative stress and aiding in detoxification processes. It supports cellular repair and renewal, which is essential for maintaining a youthful and clear complexion. Carrier oils help ensure a controlled release of NAC, providing hydration and enhanced absorption. DMSO significantly boosts NAC’s penetration, allowing it to reach deeper tissues, promoting robust systemic antioxidant protection and improved skin resilience.

Selenium: Selenium acts as a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase, an enzyme that defends against cellular oxidative damage and supports skin elasticity. Its inclusion in a chelated amino acid complex improves absorption and bioavailability. Carrier oils assist in its sustained release and hydration effects. When used with DMSO, selenium penetrates deeper into the skin, offering systemic antioxidant defense and promoting healthier, more resilient skin tissue.

Vitamin A Acetate: Vitamin A (retinyl acetate) accelerates cell turnover and promotes collagen synthesis, reducing wrinkles and hyperpigmentation. Its conversion to retinoic acid enhances anti-aging benefits and improves skin texture and tone. Carrier oils stabilize and optimize the absorption of vitamin A, providing controlled and sustained release. DMSO facilitates deeper penetration into the skin layers, enhancing cell renewal and strengthening the dermal matrix for a more youthful appearance.

Vitamin B12: Vitamin B12 supports DNA synthesis, aiding in cell regeneration and repair. It can reduce hyperpigmentation and improve dry skin conditions, contributing to a brighter complexion. Carrier oils provide steady absorption, enhancing hydration and nutrient delivery. DMSO significantly increases its transdermal transport, ensuring that B12 reaches deeper skin layers and supports comprehensive cellular repair and antioxidant protection.

Vitamin B3 (Nicotinamide): Vitamin B3 (niacinamide) enhances skin elasticity, improves barrier function, and regulates oil production. It inhibits melanosome transfer, helping to fade hyperpigmentation. Carrier oils aid in its uniform absorption and sustained effect. DMSO optimizes niacinamide’s penetration, enabling it to reach deeper dermal layers where it can exert potent anti-inflammatory and barrier-strengthening effects, supporting healthier, more balanced skin.

Vitamin B5 (Calcium D Pantothenate): Vitamin B5 is essential for synthesizing coenzyme A, promoting hydration and barrier repair. It accelerates wound healing and reduces irritation, contributing to softer and more elastic skin. Carrier oils support even distribution and absorption, maintaining moisture. DMSO enhances its deep transdermal delivery, maximizing skin hydration and repair processes for optimal barrier function.

Vitamin E (Alpha Tocopherol Acetate): Vitamin E is a potent lipid-soluble antioxidant that protects cell membranes from oxidative stress and supports moisture retention. It helps reduce scars and hyperpigmentation while conditioning the skin. Carrier oils promote even application and long-lasting hydration. DMSO ensures deeper penetration, boosting antioxidant defense and promoting systemic support for improved skin health.

Zinc: Zinc is essential for collagen synthesis, DNA repair, and has anti-inflammatory properties that soothe irritated or damaged skin. It helps balance sebum production, reducing acne and promoting clearer skin. Carrier oils facilitate steady absorption and hydration. DMSO enhances zinc’s penetration to deeper layers, enabling it to support systemic repair, reduce inflammation, and promote strong skin structure and immunity.